Increased expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 in lung tissue were attenuated by C5aRA. Balb/c mice were ventilated with 100% oxygen for 36 h with or without C5aRA treatment. The TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 protein expression levels in the lung tissue were assessed by western blot analysis. The IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α protein levels were significantly increased following treatment with 100% oxygen. Treatment with C5aRA significantly reduced IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α protein expression levels in the lung tissue (A is a quantification of B). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n=5). **P<0.01, *P<0.05, hyperoxia vs. control; ##P<0.01, #P<0.05, hyperoxia + C5aRA vs. hyperoxia. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6, interleukin-6; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1; C5aRA, C5a receptor antagonist.