TABLE 1.
Fungal monoterpene utilization or tolerancea
| Species | Host | Growth on YNB plus MT | Growth rate (mm/day) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEA | MEA plus MT | |||
| G. clavigera (Gs) (UAMH 11150) | Pinus contorta | +++ | 10.8 ± 0.5 | 8.7 ± 0.2 |
| G. clavigera (Gc) (UAMH 1135) | Jeffrey pine | S | 9.0 ± 0.2 | 8.7 ± 0.2 |
| G. clavigera (Gc) (ATCC 18086) | Ponderosa pine | +++ | 10.8 ± 0.4 | 8.8 ± 0.2 |
| G. clavigera (Gs) (UAMH 11154) | P. contorta | +++ | 9.4 ± 0.3 | 7.5 ± 0.2 |
| L. longiclavatum (UAMH 4876) | P. contorta | ++ | 8.6 ± 0.4 | 7.9 ± 0.5 |
| L. longiclavatum (868AW1) | P. contorta | + | 6.0 ± 0.4 | 4.7 ± 0.5 |
| O. montium (UAMH 1363) | P. contorta | ++ | 5.0 ± 0.1 | 4.9 ± 0.1 |
| O. montium (S5R134E2) | P. contorta | ++ | 4.7 ± 0.2 | 4.6 ± 0.1 |
| Ceratocystiopsis sp. (UAMH 10945) | P. contorta | + | 1.4 ± 0.0 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
| Ceratocystiopsis sp. (S4118AG) | P. contorta | + | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
| Ophiostoma piceae (UAMH 11346) | P. contorta lumber | S | 3.1 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.0 |
| O. piceae (UAMH 11672) | P. contorta lumber | S | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.0 |
| O. novo-ulmi (W2WT) | Elm tree | K | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 0 ± 0 |
| O. novo-ulmi (HM75) | Elm tree | K | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 0 ± 0 |
| N. crassa (2489) | Unknown | K | 22.8 ± 0.6 | 0 ± 0 |
| N. crassa (4200) | Unknown | K | 22.5 ± 0.7 | 0 ± 0 |
a
Fungal isolates from different origins were inoculated on YNB with a mixture of monoterpenes as the carbon source or on MEA with a mixture of monoterpenes as a chemical stress. For each fungal species tested, we assessed two isolates, doing three technical replicates for each isolate. MT, (+)-limonene, (+)-3-carene, racemic α-pinene, and (−)-β-pinene at a ratio of 5:3:1:1. +++, growth similar to that obtained on YNB plus mannose; ++ and +, less growth. S, no growth and the inoculum survived; K, no growth and the inoculum was killed; MEA, malt extract agar; YNB, yeast nitrogen base or minimal medium (see the work of Wang et al. [18]). Values are means ± standard deviations.