Table 3. Summary of meta-analysis, genotyping results and GRADE for catching equipment and other environmental-type samples.
| Category | # studies (lines of data) | MA # studies (lines of data) | Outcome : |
Risk Factor | MA results (95% CI) | Heterogeneity (I2) | Molecular linkage to broiler flock (# of studies)§ | Adapted GRADE¥ | ||
| Prevalence | #tested§ | Reported matched | Reported not related | |||||||
| Odds (sample) | ||||||||||
| Odds (questionnaire) | ||||||||||
| Catching equipment | 3 (7) | 3 (7) | Prevalence | 35.3% (30.4–40.6) | High (71%) | 3 | 3 | * | ||
| Crates | 12(16) | 13 (19) | Prevalence | 48.1% (44.7–51.6) | High (89%) | 12 | 11 | * | ||
| Transport equipment | 4 (11) | 4 (11) | Prevalence | 27.3% (24.8–29.9) | High (87%) | 3 | 3 | * | ||
| Forklift | 3 (3) | 3 (3) | Prevalence | 21.1% (14.0–30.6) | Low (0%) | 2 | 2 | * | ||
| Tractor | 3 (3) | 3 (3) | Prevalence | 15.2% (9.4–23.5) | Low (0%) | 2 | 2 | * | ||
| Feed | 22 (32) | 13 (23) | Prevalence | 4.2% (2.3–7.6) | Low (26%) | 11 | 2 | 8 | *** | |
| Litter | 4 (8) | 3 (3) | Prevalence | Clean | 10.4% (2.1–38.8) | Moderate (62%) | 9† | 4 | 4 | ** |
| 3 (3) | 3 (3) | Prevalence | Day 0–1 broilers | 8.1% (1.6–31.5) | High (79%) | ** | ||||
| 3 (6) | 3 (4) | Prevalence | Day 7–14 broilers | 10.5% (3.1–29.6) | High (67.5%) | ** | ||||
| 10 (14) | 7 (8) | Prevalence | Day 21–42 broilers | 11.1% (7.5–16.2) | High (90%) | ** | ||||
Outcomes include prevalence of Campylobacter ssp. in the sample, association measures (Odds Ratio – samples and Odds Ratio – questionnaire).
¥
GRADE, Adapted Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, see methods for details.
§
all 37 studies that reported molecular epidemiologic data, number tested include all that obtained samples (positive and negative culture).
†
all age sub-groups.
MA- meta-analysis, 95% CI – 95% confidence interval, I2- measure of heterogeneity in the meta-analysis.