Table 2.

Differences in waist gain during follow-up by sex and adjusted for potential cofounders. Model with each potential confounder added individually to a model with waist gain as the dependent variable and physical activity as the independent variable.

Persistence or change in leisure-time physical activity		Waist gaina	No covariates in the model	Waist gain adjusted for:
				Age (y)c	Baseline WC (cm)c	Baseline BMI (kg m−2)c	Work- related physical activityd	Educational leveld	Childr enc	Chronic diseasesd	Smoking statusd	Alcoh ol used
	N (%)	Mean (95%CI), cm
			Pb
MEN
1. Persistently inactive	264 (16.7)	8.1 (6.9 to 9.2)	Reference group
2. From moderately active to inactive	162 (10.3)	8.2 (6.9 to 9.6)	0.85	0.87	0.91	0.84	0.92	0.70	0.70	0.83	0.82	0.85
3. From active to inactive	99 (6.3)	9.7 (8.0 to 11.3)	0.11	0.12	0.14	0.11	0.11	0.09	0.23	0.14	0.14	0.14
4. From active to moderately active	180 (11.4)	7.9 (6.8 to 9.0)	0.82	0.78	0.49	0.83	0.72	0.88	0.69	0.85	0.92	0.97
5. Persistently moderate active	204 (12.9)	7.9 (6.9 to 8.9)	0.84	0.79	0.62	0.85	0.73	0.82	0.55	0.85	0.86	0.93
6. From inactive to moderately active	143 (9.1)	6.0 (4.7 to 7.4)	0.03	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.02	0.04
7. From inactive to active	81 (5.1)	3.7 (1.5 to 5.8)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.01	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
8. From moderately active to active	155 (9.8)	4.2 (3.1 to 5.3)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
9. Persistently active	290 (18.4)	6.3 (5.6 to 7.1)	0.01	0.01	0.003	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.03
WOMEN
1. Persistently inactive	260 (14.4)	8.4 (7.1 to 9.6)	Reference group
2. From moderately active to inactive	205 (11.4)	7.2 (6.1 to 8.3)	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.16	0.15	0.23	0.74	0.17	0.19	0.16
3. From active to inactive	126 (7.0)	8.5 (6.8 to 10.3)	0.88	0.90	0.94	0.86	0.86	0.73	0.91	0.79	0.82	0.73
4. From active to moderately active	171 (9.5)	7.0 (5.9 to 8.2)	0.11	0.11	0.06	0.12	0.12	0.19	0.65	0.14	0.14	0.15
5. Persistently moderate active	242 (13.4)	6.0 (5.1 to 6.8)	0.002	0.002	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.003	0.17	0.002	0.002	0.003
6. From inactive to moderately active	198 (11.0)	4.8 (3.7 to 6.0)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.01	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
7. From inactive to active	104 (5.8)	4.3 (2.7 to 5.9)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.02	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
8. From moderately active to active	188 (10.4)	3.8 (2.8 to 4.8)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
9. Persistently active	311 (17.2)	4.7 (3.9 to 5.5)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.009	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

Abbreviations: WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval

^aOverall observed change in waist circumference between baseline and follow-up

^bP value for difference in waist gain during follow-up compared to persistently inactive

^cused as continuous variable

^dused as categorical variable