Table 5.
Respiratory morbidity according to precursor, gestational age, and mode of delivery.
| Precursor for
delivery N=177,029a |
37 weeks n=18,870 % |
38 weeks n=41,111 % |
39 weeks n=62,570 % |
40 weeks n=40,973 % |
41 weeks n=13,505 % |
P-valueb 37 vs. 39 weeks |
P-valueb 38 vs. 39 weeks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spontaneous labor (n=1499) | 2.7 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.8 | <.001 | .519 |
| Planned CD (n=0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| Planned VD (n=1499) | 2.7 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.8 | <.001 | .519 |
| Cesarean Delivery (n=469)c | 5.8 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 4.1 | <.001 | .934 |
| Vaginal Delivery (n=1030) | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | <.001 | .236 |
| PROM (n=81) | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.4 | .528 | .838 |
| Planned CD (n=17) | 2.2 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 0 | .977 | .736 |
| Planned VD (n=64) | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.5 | .627 | .817 |
| Cesarean Delivery (n=34) | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 4.4 | .988 | .777 |
| Vaginal Delivery (n=47) | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 0 | .458 | .652 |
| Indicated (n=929) | 3.9 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 1.7 | <.001 | .611 |
| Planned CD (n=352) | 4.8 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 1.9 | <.001 | .406 |
| Planned VD (n=577) | 3.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.7 | <.001 | .846 |
| Cesarean Delivery (n=595) | 4.7 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | <.001 | .751 |
| Vaginal Delivery (n=334) | 3.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | <.001 | .650 |
| No recorded indication (n=308) | 2.4 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0 | <.001 | .004 |
| Planned CD (n=33) | 5.0 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 0 | <.001 | .194 |
| Planned VD (n=275) | 2.0 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0 | <.001 | .001 |
| Cesarean Delivery (n=93) | 5.2 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 0 | <.001 | .388 |
| Vaginal delivery (n=215) | 1.7 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0 | <.001 | <.001 |
CD, Cesarean delivery; NICU, Neonatal intensive care unit; VD, Vaginal delivery
Respiratory morbidity included neonates admitted to the NICU with any of the following: oxygen therapy with nasal cannula, continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel positive airway pressure, ventilator use, diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome, hyaline membrane disease, pneumonia, apnea and bradycardia, pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, meconium aspiration, or pulmonary hypoplasia.
Fetal anomalies (n=11,559), antepartum stillbirth prior to onset of labor (n=228), and deliveries associated with both fetal anomalies and stillbirth (n=7) excluded from analysis.
P-values based on generalized linear models (GLMs) with generalized estimating equations (GEE) and contrast statements to calculate for significant differences between individual weeks of gestation (e.g. 37 versus 39 and 38 versus 39 weeks).
Row heading number is number of neonates with respiratory morbidity among deliveries with that precursor and mode of delivery.