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. 2014 Sep 5;24(5):370–378. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20130168

Table 3. Hazard ratio for colorectal cancer incidence for analysis of coffee consumption, stratified by sex and smoking status.

Coffee consumption Men Women
Current Never Current Never
Number
of cases		 HRa P
value		 Number
of cases		 HRa P
value		 Number
of cases		 HRa P
value		 Number
of cases		 HRa P
value
For colon cancer incidence
 <1 cup/day 109 1.00   42 1.00   4 1.00   222 1.00  
 1 cup/day 21 1.08 0.77 7 1.18 0.68 1 1.03 0.98 37 1.03 0.88
 2–3 cups/day 34 1.21 0.36 10 1.85 0.09 5 4.71 0.04 17 1.46 0.23
 ≥4 cups/day 9 1.68 0.15 2 5.58 0.02 2 6.06 0.09 3 1.69 0.19
 P for trend     0.13     0.01     0.02     0.60
For rectum cancer incidence
 <1 cup/day 59 1.00   29 1.00   2 1.00   70 1.00  
 1 cup/day 14 1.36 0.31 9 2.13 0.05 0     10 0.84 0.62
 2–3 cups/day 19 1.19 0.52 4 1.11 0.85 2 1.44 0.75 15 1.74 0.06
 ≥4 cups/day 2 0.67 0.59 2 6.31 0.01 0     0    
 P for trend     0.91     0.12           0.20
For colorectal cancer incidence
 <1 cup/day 168 1.00   71 1.00   6 1.00   292 1.00  
 1 cup/day 35 1.17 0.41 16 1.57 0.11 1 0.61 0.66 47 0.98 0.91
 2–3 cups/day 53 1.21 0.26 14 1.52 0.16 7 3.65 0.04 32 1.00 0.99
 ≥4 cups/day 11 1.32 0.38 4 5.92 0.00 2 2.87 0.24 3 1.46 0.52
 P for trend     0.20     0.01     0.04     0.80

HR, hazard ratio.

aHazard ratio was adjusted for age, drinking, family history of colorectal cancer, education, body mass index, walking time, and regular meat consumption.