Table 3.
Influence of various saponin-rich sources on ruminal fermentation parameters based on in vitro experiments
| Response parameter | n | Control | Quillaja saponin | Tea saponin | Yucca saponin | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gas (mL/g) | 55 | 199 | 199 | 193 | 204 | 0.320 |
| OMD (mg/g) | 16 | 620 | Na | 596 | 636 | 0.119 |
| pH | 63 | 6.64b | 6.71b | 6.58ab | 6.55a | 0.029 |
| NH3 (mmol/L) | 58 | 12.77b | 11.62ab | 10.80ab | 8.94a | 0.002 |
| Total SCFA (mmol/L) | 74 | 74.7 | 78.2 | 75.6 | 75.6 | 0.090 |
| C2 (% total) | 72 | 63.0b | 61.4ab | 61.9ab | 60.5a | 0.001 |
| C3 (% total) | 72 | 21.9a | 23.7b | 23.7b | 24.4b | <0.001 |
| C4 (% total) | 70 | 11.3 | 11.0 | 10.7 | 11.3 | 0.618 |
| C5 (% total) | 45 | 2.78 | 2.84 | na | 2.79 | 0.735 |
| isoSCFA (% total) | 47 | 3.02 | 2.99 | na | 2.99 | 0.906 |
| C2:C3 | 72 | 3.11b | 2.84a | 2.73a | 2.77a | <0.001 |
| Log protozoa (104/mL) | 45 | 4.81b | 4.57a | 4.65a | 4.65a | 0.006 |
n, number of observation; OMD, organic matter digestibility; na, data not available; SCFA, short chain fatty acid; C2, acetate; C3, propionate; C4, butyrate; C5, valerate.
Different superscripts within the same row are significantly different at p<0.05.