Table 3. Paternal occupational exposure in different time periods relative to the birth of their child.

	Exposure time period	Cases/controls	OR	95% CI	OR2	95% CI
All solvents combined
Any time before birth	Non-exposed	154/555	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	88/240	1.27	0.90–1.79
In the year before conception	Non-exposed	199/703	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	43/92	1.55	0.99–2.43
Benzene
Any time before birth	Non-exposed	220/716	1.00	ref.	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	22/79	0.82	0.48–1.37	0.65	0.37–1.16
In the year before conception	Non-exposed	235/787	1.00	ref.	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	7/8	2.66	0.92–7.69	2.07	0.68–6.35
Other aromatics
Any time before birth	Non-exposed	163/584	1.00	ref.	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	79/211	1.27	0.90–1.81	1.43	0.68–3.00
In the year before conception	Non-exposed	202/717	1.00	ref.	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	40/78	1.75	1.10–2.79	4.47	1.12–17.8
Aliphatics
Any time before birth	Non-exposed	157/563	1.00	ref.	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	85/232	1.25	0.88–1.78	0.98	0.47–2.06
In the year before conception	Non-exposed	202/704	1.00	ref.	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	40/91	1.42	0.90–2.24	0.32	0.08–1.29
Chlorinated
Any time before birth	Non-exposed	232/775	1.00	ref.	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	10/20	1.76	0.80–3.85	1.59	0.70–3.58
In the year before conception	Non-exposed	239/791	1.00	ref.	1.00	ref.
	Exposed	3/4	2.33	0.50–10.9	2.83	0.55–14.5
Diesel exhaust
Any time before birth	Non-exposed	144/506			1.00	ref.
	Exposed	98/289			1.08	0.77–1.52
In the year before conception	Non-exposed	191/656			1.00	ref.
	Exposed	51/139			1.09	0.72–1.66

Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; OR=odds ratio.

Models are adjusted for frequency-matching variables (child's sex, age at diagnosis and state of residence), best parental education and occupational exposure to diesel exhaust; OR2 models include occupational exposure to benzene, other aromatics, aliphatics, chlorinated solvents and diesel exhaust, as well as the matching variables and best parental education.