Table 2.

Ethnographical characteristics of three national parks.

Characteristics	JNP	GNP	HNP
Gender
Male	67 (34.9%)	36 (15.6%)	31 (36.5%)
Female	125 (65.1%)	195 (84.4%)	54 (63.5%)
Average age	72.9 (44~95)	76.8 (52~93)	78.4 (43~94)
Educational attainment
Never attended school	138 (71.9%)	165 (71.4%)	62 (72.9%)
Attended school	54 (28.1%)	66 (28.6%)	23 (27.1%)
Linguistics	The pronunciation between the eastern and western communities on the Jirisan axis depicts dissimilar intonations.		Numerous dialects   different from the inland communities.
Food	The local communities in the eastern region of Jirisan widely used the seed powder of Zanthoxylum piperitum (L.) DC. and the leaves of the Isodon japonicus (Burm.) Hara, while local communities in the western region did not consume these foods.		Quite diverse from foods of the inland communities in regard to the recipe and ingredients.
Home economy	Men usually support their families financially.		Women traditionally support their families.