Table 3.
Effect of yogic practice on cardio metabolic risk factors of different age groups
| Parameters | 20–29 years (A) | 30–39 years (B) | 40–50 years (C) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | Before | After | Before | After | |
| HR (beats/min) | 69.0 ± .46 | 61.6 ± 1.33** | 71.3 ± 1.97 | 64.6 ± 1.58 | 72.2 ± 1.61 | 67.9 ± 1.18* |
| SBP (mmHg) | 122.6 ± 1.60 | 119.5 ± 1.68 | 129.5 ± 2.95 | 120.8 ± 1.60** | 133.6 ± 1.8¥¥ | 124.6 ± 1.43*** |
| DBP (mmHg) | 69.3 ± 0.99 | 68.1 ± 1.15 | 77.6 ± 1.50¥¥¥ | 75.7 ± 1.57 | 84.4 ± 0.89¥¥¥ϕ ϕ | 79.1 ± 0.97** |
| MBP (mmHg) | 87.0 ± 0.95 | 85.2 ± 1.00 | 95.0 ± 1.66¥¥¥ | 90.7 ± 1.26** | 100.8 ± 1.03¥¥¥ϕ ϕ | 94.3 ± 0.73*** |
| DoP (mmHg bpm) | 6,005.6 ± 145.9 | 5,254.3 ± 139.5 | 6,783.4 ± 234.3 | 5,858.2 ± 170.5 | 7,572.8 ± 180.7¥¥¥ϕ | 6,395.4 ± 125.1*** |
| RPP (mmHg bpm) | 8,462.8 ± 223.2 | 7,365.3 ± 200.3 | 9,269.5 ± 344.8 | 7,791.9 ± 203.5 | 10,051.02 ± 271.6¥¥¥ | 8,455.7 ± 191.0 *** |
| TC (mg/dl) | 119.4 ± 5.14 | 112.0 ± 6.34 | 162.3 ± 10.00¥¥ | 128.9 ± 6.60* | 171.7 ± 9.88¥¥¥ | 132.6 ± 7.48** |
| TG (mg/dl) | 141.0 ± 12.42 | 119.3 ± 8.00 | 146.7 ± 11.23 | 131.0 ± 12.54 | 165.4 ± 13.4 | 148.9 ± 14.74 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 61.7 ± 5.97 | 66.9 ± 4.49 | 60.8 ± 3.90 | 63.5 ± 4.24 | 46.0 ± 3.17 | 51.5 ± 4.35 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 99.6 ± 5.64 | 75.0 ± 4.12** | 111.1 ± 5.01 | 84.3 ± 6.88** | 115.4 ± 9.29 | 88.6 ± 6.38* |
Values are expressed as mean±SEM
HR heart rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, MBP mean blood pressure, DoP double product, RPP rate pressure, product and bpm beats per minute, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; and ***p < 0.001; comparisons were made between initial base line values and the values obtained after yogic practice of the respective group using paired “t” test. ¥¥ p < 0.01 and ¥¥¥ p < 0.001, as compared to pre-exposure values of group A; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey–Kramer’s multiple comparison post hoc test was used to find out the difference between different age groups. ϕ p < 0.05; ϕϕ p < 0.01; as compared to pre-exposure values of group B; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey–Kramer’s multiple comparison post hoc test were used to find out difference between different age groups