Figure 6.

Effect of MMA-SS welding fume instillation on mononuclear cell oxidative stress. (A) Mononuclear cells were collected 24 h after instillation of PBS or MMA-SS, stained with H₂DCFDA, fixed, and visualized by confocal microscopy for oxidative stress. Representative PBS exposed (upper left panel) and MMA-SS welding fume welding fume group (bottom left panel). Right panels represent background levels of unstained cells exposed to PBS (upper panel) and MMA-SS (lower panel). Fluorescent intensity was shown on a pseudo-color scale where the highest intensity staining is shown as white and red, followed by yellow, green, blue, and dark blue in order of decreasing intensity of the staining. The scale bar represents 10 μm. (B) Mean fluorescent intensity of isolated mononuclear cells incubated with H₂DCFDA measured by flow cytometry. *p < 0.05.