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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Med Care. 2014 Sep;52(9):852–859. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000183

Table 2. Prescription opiate fill patterns 2007-2011, adjusted for year-to-year differences in age, sex, race, comorbidities (including musculoskeletal disease), and Part D low income subsidy status.

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Overall
Percent of beneficiaries with any opiate fill 43.9 44.5 44.7 44.7 43.7
Percent with six or more opiate fills 21.4 22.2 22.8 23.2 23.1
Median annual pills dispensed per user per year 239.1 254.5 279.6 295.6 312.4
Median morphine equivalents per day per user 9.8 10.2 10.8 11.0 9.9
Percent of units dispensed as oxycodone products 18.8 19.6 20.5 22.3 24.4
Chronic Opiate Users (6 or more opiate fills per year):
Mean morphine equivalents per day 77.1 77.7 80.7 81.3 77.4
Median morphine equivalents per day 32.9 33.4 35.7 36.2 33.9
Mean unique opiate prescribers per year 3.01 3.08 3.03 2.99 2.93
Mean opiate prescription fill events per year 15.6 15.7 15.6 15.5 15.4
Percent taking more than 100 mg morphine equivalents per day 20.9 20.9 21.6 21.6 19.8
Percent taking more than 200 mg morphine equivalents per day 10.0 10.2 10.7 10.9 10.4