Table 1.
Frequency distribution of baseline characteristics as observed at the time of follow-up during late childhood and early adolescence (LCEA; n=1392) and young adulthood (YA; n=1920). Data are from an epidemiologic sample originally recruited at the time of entry into first grade classrooms in 1985-1986 from an urban mid-Atlantic public school system (n=2311).
| Characteristics at baseline (1990)1 | Late Childhood and Early Adolescent Follow-up n (%) | Young Adult Follow-up n (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years): | ||||
| 9 | 404 | (29.0) | 603 | (31.4) |
| 10 | 641 | (46.0) | 889 | (46.3) |
| 11 | 312 | (22.4) | 388 | (20.2) |
| 12 | 33 | (2.4) | 37 | (1.9) |
| 13 | 2 | (0.1) | 3 | (0.2) |
| Sex: Female | 671 | (48.2) | 968 | (50.4) |
| Male | 721 | (51.8) | 952 | (49.6) |
| Race-ethnicity2: | ||||
| African-American | 1010 | (72.6) | 1317 | (68.6) |
| Other | 382 | (27.4) | 603 | (31.4) |
| Peer alcohol use: | ||||
| Yes | 201 | (14.4) | 222 | (11.6) |
| No | 802 | (57.6) | 937 | (48.8) |
| missing3 | 389 | (28.0) | 761 | (39.6) |
| Caregiver history of heavy drinking and/or illegal drug use: | ||||
| Yes | 563 | (40.5) | 767 | (39.9) |
| No | 524 | (37.6) | 760 | (39.6) |
| missing3 | 305 | (21.9) | 393 | (20.5) |
| Neighborhood disadvantage (tertiles): | ||||
| Low | 353 | (25.4) | 407 | (21.2) |
| Middle | 334 | (24.0) | 383 | (19.9) |
| High | 304 | (21.8) | 353 | (18.4) |
| missing3 | 401 | (28.8) | 777 | (40.5) |
| Subsidized lunch4: | ||||
| Yes | 805 | (57.8) | 1046 | (54.5) |
| No | 586 | (42.1) | 870 | (45.3) |
| missing5 | 1 | (0.1) | 4 | (0.2) |
| Conduct problems6: | ||||
| Low | 581 | (41.7) | 726 | (37.8) |
| High | 686 | (49.3) | 753 | (39.2) |
| missing3 | 125 | (9.0) | 441 | (23.0) |
Information on all the characteristics listed was gathered at the baseline interview for these analyses (1990), except for subsidized lunch which was gathered from school records in first grade (1985-86), conduct problems which were assessed in1991, and household history of heavy drinking and/or illegal drug use assessed in young adulthood.
A total of 94.5% (n=361) and 96.0% (n=579) of the Other race-ethnicity group is White in the assessments during the LCEA and YA follow-ups, respectively.
These individuals did not provide this information during the LCEA or YA follow-up.
This variable indicates receipt of free or subsidized lunch in first grade.
This information was not available from school records for these individuals.
The categories represent above and below the median of the scale score for this sample.