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Summary of heterogeneity of these meta-analyses.
| Outcome | N (GDM, control) | Heterogeneity χ 2 (P value) | Inconsistency I 2 (%) | Analysis model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNF-α level | 880 (344, 536) | 19225.30 (P < 0.00001) | 100 | Random model |
| Leptin level | 1341 (568, 773) | 333.69 (P < 0.00001) | 94 | Random model |
| Adiponectin level | 1341 (560, 781) | 282.81 (P < 0.00001) | 94 | Random model |
