Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2013 Jul 29;85(2):513–531. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12132

Table 3.

Proportions of Caregivers by Country Indicating the Use of Type of Discipline and Belief in Need to Punish Physically

Nonviolent
Discipline
Psychological
Aggression
Physical
Violence
Severe
Physical
Violence
Need to
Punish
Physically
Country M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD
Albania .91 .29 .10 .31 .50 .50 .09 .28 .04 .20
Belize .92 .28 .51 .50 .60 .49 .07 .25 .27 .44
Bosnia –
Herzegovina
.91 .29 .25 .44 .27 .44 .03 .18 .07 .26
Cameroon .80 .40 .86 .34 .81 .39 .27 .44 .46 .50
Central
African
Republic
.89 .31 .82 .39 .76 .42 .33 .47 .26 .44
Djibouti .80 .40 .50 .50 .61 .49 .20 .40 .33 .47
Georgia .76 .43 .62 .48 .55 .50 .24 .43 .15 .36
Ghana .82 .38 .83 .38 .73 .45 .09 .29 .47 .50
Iraq .94 .24 .79 .41 .70 .46 .30 .46 .25 .43
Jamaica .90 .31 .74 .44 .82 .39 .06 .24 .35 .48
Laos .80 .40 .64 .48 .51 .50 .09 .28 .18 .38
Macedonia .88 .32 .59 .49 .62 .48 .18 .38 .08 .27
Montenegro .93 .26 .57 .49 .51 .50 .06 .25 .05 .22
Serbia .86 .35 .65 .48 .65 .48 .11 .31 .11 .32
Sierra Leone .90 .30 .82 .39 .74 .44 .22 .41 .57 .50
Suriname .95 .22 .81 .40 .65 .48 .09 .28 .18 .38
Yemen .94 .23 .93 .27 .85 .35 .43 .50 .45 .50
Total .87 .33 .71 .46 .67 .47 .21 .41 .27 .45