Table 3.
Child Solitary Play | Child Collaborative Play | Maternal Play | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Down syndrome |
Typical development |
Down syndrome |
Typical development |
Down syndrome |
Typical development |
|||||||
M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
Exploratory play | 30.43 | 41.32 | 104.93 | 80.19 | 54.57 | 49.42 | 82.72 | 58.58 | 52.29 | 40.80 | 80.05 | 49.13 |
1. Unitary functional activity | 9.76 | 18.67 | 38.14 | 37.08 | 27.57 | 25.75 | 27.34 | 25.34 | 37.43 | 27.30 | 32.25 | 31.39 |
2. Inappropriate combinatorial activity | 2.14 | 5.17 | 9.59 | 15.75 | 3.24 | 10.50 | 4.16 | 9.27 | 0.14 | 0.65 | 3.65 | 10.88 |
3. Appropriate combinatorial activity | 3.95 | 11.63 | 42.70 | 75.00 | 16.14 | 33.90 | 35.68 | 50.17 | 14.62 | 29.11 | 42.91 | 44.52 |
4. Transitional play | 14.57 | 25.93 | 14.50 | 22.56 | 7.62 | 17.11 | 12.14 | 23.39 | 0.10 | 0.44 | 1.24 | 4.37 |
Symbolic play | 29.67 | 32.22 | 29.75 | 35.00 | 43.86 | 56.76 | 59.41 | 44.38 | 50.86 | 57.03 | 30.87 | 35.21 |
5. Self-directed pretense | 15.76 | 23.93 | 14.25 | 17.10 | 18.33 | 47.97 | 21.36 | 27.31 | 2.95 | 6.02 | 2.31 | 5.72 |
6. Other-directed pretense | 7.52 | 18.00 | 7.84 | 17.05 | 4.52 | 9.15 | 9.25 | 11.80 | 23.81 | 46.37 | 14.35 | 19.36 |
7. Sequential pretense | 6.19 | 14.56 | 7.66 | 22.13 | 20.52 | 30.79 | 28.57 | 38.13 | 22.38 | 35.45 | 13.56 | 23.63 |
8. Substitution pretense | .19 | 0.87 | .00 | .00 | 0.48 | 1.54 | 0.25 | 1.20 | 1.71 | 4.31 | .65 | 3.70 |
Unengagement (Default) | 539.89 | 83.11 | 456.36 | 98.14 | 501.63 | 87.41 | 457.81 | 87.26 | 496.84 | 76.35 | 489.06 | 73.08 |