Figure 2.

DNA relaxation, catenation, and cleavage activities of wild-type and mutant E. coli topoisomerase IV enzymes in the absence of drugs. The abilities of wild-type (WT, black), ParC^S80L (S80L, blue), ParC^S80I (S80I, red), ParC^S80F (S80F, green), and ParC^E84K (E84K, yellow) topoisomerase IV to relax (left), catenate (middle), and cleave (right) negatively supercoiled plasmid DNA are shown. The inset (middle) highlights the catenation activity of the enzymes at early time points. For relaxation and cleavage, error bars represent the standard deviation of three or more independent experiments. For catenation, error bars represent the standard error of the mean of two independent experiments.