Table 3. Changes in leaf net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and the instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi = leaf photosynthetic rate/transpiration rate) of the flag leaf, penultimate and 3rd leaves in the canopy in the domestication from diploid to tetraploid, tetraploid to hexaploid and diploid to hexaploid of wheats.
| Physiological characteristics | Leaf type | Diploid old wheat | Tetraploid old wheat | Hexaploid moden wheat | Diploid to tetraploid | Tetraploid to hexaploid | Diploid to hexaploid |
| Leaf photosynthetic rate(µmol m−2 s−1) | Flag | 18.6±0.6 | 12.3±0.6 | 13.8±0.4 | − | + | − |
| Penultimate | 12.1±0.3 | 8.7±0.4 | 9.5±0.4 | − | + | − | |
| Top 3rd | 4.9±o.2 | 3.2±0.2 | 4.1±0.3 | − | + | − | |
| Leaf transpiration rate (mmol m−2 s−1) | Flag | 6.1±0.7 | 8.8±0.6 | 5.5±0. 4 | + | − | 0 |
| Penultimate | 5.6±0.4 | 7.4±0.5 | 5.1±0.3 | + | − | 0 | |
| Top 3rd | 2.2±0.1 | 2.9±0.2 | 2.3±0.1 | + | − | 0 | |
| WUEi | Flag | 3±0.2 | 1.4±0.1 | 2.4±1.6 | − | + | − |
| Penultimate | 2.2±0.6 | 1.2±0.2 | 1.8±0.3 | − | + | − | |
| Top 3rd | 2.2±0.2 | 1.1±0.1 | 1.7±0.4 | − | + | − |
+ represents a significant increase at P<0.01. − represents a significant decrease at P<0.01. 0 represents no change.
Note: The table involved large data, here we showed the final results for clarity and conciseness.