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. 2014 Fall;13(3):540–551. doi: 10.1187/cbe.13-11-0218

Table 5.

Summary of mean pre- and posttest scores for individual coursesa

Average normalized Probability of
Pretest Posttest Test statistic learning change superiority
Course (term) n mean % ± SE mean % ± SE (significance) (c‐average) % ± SE (PSdep)b
General (T1) 170 47.5 ± 1.3 50.2 ± 1.3 W = 12984.5 (p = 0.1033) 4.1 ± 2.4 0.5 [n = 85]
General (T2) 160 50.1 ± 1.3 56.0 ± 1.4 W = 20197 (p = 0.0015*) 11.9 ± 2.7 0.54 [n = 87]
Coordinated (T2) 110 53.8 ± 1.6 65.6 ± 1.4 W = 3568 (p ≤ 0.0001*) 23.8 ± 2.7 0.70 [n = 77]
Science (T1) 57 59.6 ± 1.9 62.7 ± 1.6 W = 1382.5 (p = 0.1631) 10.0 ± 3.3 0.53 [n = 30]
Biology 3 (T1) 83 45.4 ± 1.8 52.2 ± 1.9 W = 2659.5 (p = 0.0130*) 10.8 ± 3.1 0.59 [n = 49]
All (T1 and T2) 580 50.3 ± 0.7 56.2 ± 0.7 W = 2873 (p = 0.0062*) 11.5 ± 1.2 0.56 [n = 327]

*Posttest scores were significantly higher than pretest scores (W: Wilcoxon sum-rank tests).

aT1: Fall term (September–December 2012); T2: Winter term (January–April 2013). Also shown are average normalized learning changes and probability of superiority (Psdep) effect size values.

b[n = ] represents the number of students whose posttest BEDCI score was greater than their pretest score.