Figure 3. A neighbor-net network of all lineages and recombinant haplotypes of Verticillium dahliae, based on 26,748 SNPs.

The prevalence of closed loops in the network is consistent with other analyses showing extensive recombination among clonal lineages (Figure 1; Table 3). The positions are shown for all lineages, plus individual haplotypes identified as recombinants (isolates VEM481, V496/V498, 395 and 320).