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. 2014 Aug 1;22:25. doi: 10.1186/s12998-014-0025-8

Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies

First author, year Design Setting Participants Partial and complete ACL tear prevalence % (n) Complete ACL tear prevalence % (n) Reference standard(s)
Beldame, 2011 [23]
Prospective
University hospital, France.
*112 patient/knees with an indication for knee arthroscopy.
37.5% (42)
28.5% (32)
Arthroscopy
Boeree, 1991 [24]
Prospective
Orthopaedic clinic, UK.
203 patient/knees referred from GPs or the A&E.
29.1% (51)
nr
MRI
Decker, 1988 [33]
Prospective
Hospital, Germany.
†108 patient/knees suspected to have knee ligament injury.
61.1% (66)
nr
Arthroscopy/Surgery
Harilainen, 1987 [25]
Unclear
Emergency department, Finland.
†350 patient/knees with acute knee injury.
41.7% (146)
nr
Arthroscopy/Arthrotomy
Katz, 1986 [26]
Retrospective
Community hospital, USA.
85 participant/knees with knee injuries presenting for arthroscopy.
25.9% (22)
nr
Arthroscopy
Lee, 1988 [27]
Retrospective
Orthopaedic department of a hospital, USA.
79 magnetic resonance studies of the knee were reviewed.
29.1% (22)
nr
MRI
Lucie, 1984 [28]
Prospective
Orthopaedic clinic, USA.
50 patient/knees with acute traumatic knee haemarthrosis.
76.0% (38)
nr
Arthroscopy/Arthrotomy
Mulligan, 2011 [29]
Prospective
Orthopaedic surgery and sports medicine service, USA.
*†52 patient/knees with a complaint of knee pain referred from emergency department.
44.2% (23)
nr
Arthroscopy
Noyes, 1980 [30]
Prospective
Orthopaedic/Sports medicine knee clinic, USA.
*85 injured knees (83 patients) that had traumatic haemarthrosis.
71.8% (61)
43.5% (37)
Arthroscopy
Richter, 1996 [34]
Prospective
Hospital, Germany.
74 patient/knees with effusion of the knee following trauma.
78.4% (58)
64.9% (48)
Arthroscopy
Schwartz, 1997 [35]
Prospective
Hospital, Germany.
58 patient/knees with acute knee injury.
81.0% (47)
65.5% (38)
Arthroscopy
Tonino, 1986 [31]
Unclear
Hospital, Netherlands.
*66 patient/knees with acute symptoms of a ligamentous lesion of the knee after trauma.
45.5% (30)
nr
Arthroscopy
Wagemakers, 2010 [19]
Prospective
GP clinics, Netherlands.
*134 patient/knees with new knee symptoms.
20.9% (28)
12.7% (17)
MRI
Wong, 1999 [32] Prospective Orthopaedic department of a hospital, Hong Kong. 91 patient/knees with an acute knee haemarthrosis. nr 56.0% (51) Arthroscopy

nr: not reported.

*Not all participants evaluated by index test(s).

†Not all participants evaluated by reference standard.