Table 4.
Characteristics of matched patients on pre-emptive RRT compared with matched patients who did not receive RRT
| Characteristic | Pre-emptive RRT | Non-RRT | P Value | SMD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 64.0 [56.0–76.0] | 67.0 [55.0–75.0] | 0.92 | −0.5 |
| Men | 44/67 (65.7) | 46//67 (68.7) | 0.03 | −6.4 |
| CKD | 10/66 (14.9) | 7/67 (10.4) | 0.61 | 13.6 |
| Operative admission | 33/67 (49.3) | 28/67 (41.8) | 0.52 | 15.1 |
| Emergency admission | 56/67 (83.6) | 58/67 (86.6) | 0.79 | −8.4 |
| Admitted froma | 0.92 | |||
| Operating room or recovery room | 32/67 (47.8) | 28/67 (41.8) | ||
| Emergency room | 14/67 (20.9) | 21/67 (31.3) | ||
| Ward | 15/67 (22.4) | 14/67 (20.9) | ||
| Other | 6/67 (9.0) | 4/67 (6.0) | ||
| SAPS II score | 45.0 [35.0–59.0] | 41.0 [32.0–58.0] | 0.11 | 13.5 |
| SAPS II score without age and renal components | 24.0 [16.0–30.0] | 24.0 [17.0–30.0] | 0.83 | −0.4 |
| SOFA score, first 24 h | 10.0 [8.0–13.0] | 9.0 [7.0–12.0] | 0.24 | 16.9 |
| SOFA score, maximum | 12.0 [9.0–14.0] | 9.0 [8.0–13.0] | 0.001 | 52.6 |
| Mechanical ventilation (ICU stay) | 58/67 (86.8) | 47/67 (70.1) | 0.04 | 20.6 |
| Severe sepsis until day 5 | 31/67 (46.3) | 29/67 (43.3) | 0.03 | 6.0 |
| AKI before RRT or within days 1–5 | 55/67 (82.1) | 59/67 (88.1) | 0.13 | −16.9 |
| Highest AKI stage before RRT or within 24 h of ICU admission (patients not on RRT)a | 0.35 | |||
| Stage 1 | 15/67 (22.4) | 15/67 (22.4) | ||
| Stage 2 | 21/67 (31.3) | 23/67 (34.3) | ||
| Stage 3 | 19/67 (28.4) | 20/67 (29.9) | ||
| Treatment restrictionsb | 16/66 (24.2) | 29/67 (43.3) | 0.02 | −41.2 |
| At ICU admission | ||||
| Vasoactives | 57/67 (85.1) | 60/67 (89.6) | 0.61 | −13.6 |
| Severe sepsis | 28/67 (41.8) | 23/67 (34.3) | 0.47 | 15.5 |
| Highest norepinehprine dose within first 24 h (μg/kg per minute) | 0.22 [0.06–0.44] | 0.18 [0.07–0.35] | 0.28 | 5.0 |
| Cumulative urine output within the first 24 h (ml) | 865 [460–1760] | 1135 [546–1720] | 0.78 | 0.9 |
| First creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.6 [1.2–2.2] | 1.4 [1.0–2.7] | 0.95 | −2.5 |
| First lactate (mmol/L) | 2.8 [1.5–5.8] | 2.5 [1.3–5.2] | 0.71 | 7.7 |
| Received diuretics | 35/64 (54.7) | 30/65 (46.2) | 0.31 | 17.1 |
| 90-d mortality | 18/67 (26.9) | 33/67 (49.3) | 0.01 | −47.4 |
Data are expressed as median [interquartile range] or number/total number (percentage). SMD, standardized mean difference.
a
Comparison across groups with marginal homogeneity test.
b
Treatment restrictions include one or several of the following restrictions: (1) do not resuscitate, (2) do not increase the intensity of treatment, and (3) withdrawal of intensive care.