Table 1. Effects of Chow, PN, and PN+BBS on the adaptive immune system.

Summary of current published data. All values are statistically significant (p<0.05).

Adaptive Immune System	PN vs Chow	PN+BBS vs PN
GALT size	↓23	↓25–27
Peyer’s Patches lymphocytes	↓23	↓26, 27
Lamina Propria lymphocytes	↓23	↓26, 27
sIgA	↓23, 24	↓26, 27
Pulmonary lymphocytes	↓28
sIgA	↓24	↓27, 29
Salivary Gland lymphocytes	↓30	↓30
sIgA	↓30	↓30
Functional
IgA mediated anti-viral immunity	↓31–33	↓35
Survival after bacterial challenge	↓34	↓27

GALT, gastrointestinal-associated lymphoid tissue; PN, parenteral nutrition; BBS, bombesin; sIgA, secretory immunoglobulin A; pIgR, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor.