Table 1.

Botanical extracts screened for effect on biomarkers of bone resorption or formation

Common name	Species	Plant part	Standardisation (minimum specification)
Dong quai	Angelica sinensis	Root	Not standardised
Eleuthero	Eleurococcus senticosus	Root/rhizome	0·75 % Eleutherosides
Fava d'anta	Dimorphandra mollis	Fruit	86 % Quercetin
Ginkgo	Ginkgo biloba	Leaf	24 % Flavonol-glycosides, 6 % terpene lactones
Grape	Vitis vinifera	Seed	40 % Polyphenolics (spectrophotometery)
Green tea	Camellia sinensis	Leaf	40 % Epigallo-catechin gallate
Licorice	Glycyrrhiza glabra	Rhizome	0·05 % Glabridin, about 1 % glycyrrhizic acid
Pomegranate	Punica granatum	Fruit	40 % Ellagic acid
Rehmannia	Rehmannia glutinosa	Root	1 % Catapol
Sophora	Sophora japonica	Flower/fruit	Not standardised