Table 3.
Effects of botanical extracts on bone formation in 3-month-old intact female Sprague–Dawley rats
| Botanicals† (mg/kg body weight) | Histomorphometry (%) | Biomechanical (%) | µCT (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | Q | L | %BV/TV | BFR | S | MF | vBMD | %BV/TV | Tb.N | Tb.Sp |
| BF-1 | 25 | 25 | ↑ 3·0 | ↑ 4·10 | ↓ 6·2 | ↓ 8·8 | ↑ 17·3 | ↑ 32·0* | ↑ 15·1* | ↓ 21·9* |
| BF-2 | 51 | 51 | ↓ 6·4 | ↑ 15·8 | ↓ 3·8 | ↓ 10·1 | ↑ 71·3* | ↑ 33·3* | ↑ 13·8* | ↓ 22·4* |
| BF-3 | 25 | 13 | ↑ 47·6* | ↑ 51·4* | 0 | ↓ 4·9 | ↑ 19·9 | ↑ 15·4 | ↑ 7·0 | ↓ 9·2 |
| BF-4 | 51 | 25 | ↑ 11·2 | ↑ 16·6 | ↓ 2·4 | ↓ 4·0 | ↑ 30·7 | ↑ 12·6 | ↑ 4·9 | ↓ 7·6 |
| BF-5 | 102 | 51 | ↑ 29·0* | ↑ 20·3 | ↓ 6·7 | ↓ 6·8 | ↑ 74·5 | ↑ 24·8* | ↑ 14·1* | ↓ 19·2* |
| BF-6 | 102 | 20 | ↓ 6·6* | ↑ 3·2 | ↓ 4·5 | ↓ 2·8 | ↑ 19·5 | ↑ 9·4 | ↑ 3·8 | ↓ 4·3 |
| PTH‡ | 0 | 0 | ↑ 55·8* | ↑ 45·8* | ↑ 1·8 | ↓ 4·1 | ↑ 86·0* | ↑ 32·2* | ↑ 24·8* | ↓ 28·3* |
µCT, micro-computed tomography device; Q, quercetin; L, licorice; %BV/TV, percentage bone volume/total volume; BFR, bone formation rate; S, stiffness; MF, maximum force; vBMD, volumetric bone mineral density; Tb.N, trabecular number; Tb.Sp, trabecular separation; BF, bone formation sample; PTH, parathyroid hormone.
* Statistical difference compared with vehicle control (P < 0·05).
† Rats were fed 15 g/d normal chow or normal chow containing botanical extracts for a period of 35 d.
‡ PTH-treated rats were given 50 µg/kg per d.