Table 4.

Effect of botanical extracts (1 µg/ml) on inhibition of IL-1β (10 ng/ml)-stimulated receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in MG-63 cells

Botanicals	RANKL (% change)*
Dong quai	↓ 16
Eleuthero	↓ 50
Ginkgo	↓ 31
Grape seed	↓ 11
Green tea	↓ 19
Pomegranate	↓ 14
Rehmannia	↓ 74
Sophora	↓ 42
Ipriflavone (control)	No effect

↓, Decrease.

* Data are expressed as percentage change in RANKL expression compared with IL-1β-treated controls.