Table 4.
Metabolic syndrome markers pre- and post-intervention in the vitamin D2-enhanced and placebo mushroom groups
(Mean values and standard deviations)
| Vitamin D2-enhanced mushrooms | Placebo mushrooms | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | ||||||
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P* | |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 117 | 13 | 115 | 13 | 121 | 18 | 122 | 18 | 0·143 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 79 | 8 | 77 | 10 | 83 | 11 | 84 | 14 | 0·101 |
| HR (bpm) | 72 | 11 | 70 | 9 | 75 | 12 | 72 | 14 | 0·702 |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 5·73 | 0·45 | 5·65 | 0·41 | 5·95 | 0·69 | 5·68 | 0·56 | 0·753 |
| Insulin (µIU/ml) | 3·94 | 2·79 | 3·55 | 2·87 | 4·53 | 1·99 | 4·41 | 3·07 | 0·719 |
| HOMA-IR | 1·01 | 0·73 | 0·89 | 0·73 | 1·22 | 0·60 | 1·14 | 0·95 | 0·617 |
| C-peptide (ng/ml) | 1·50 | 1·38 | 1·29 | 1·06 | 1·21 | 0·68 | 1·34 | 0·89 | 0·307 |
| TAG (mmol/l) | 0·83 | 0·27 | 0·90 | 0·35 | 1·23 | 0·79 | 1·13 | 0·75 | 0·420 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5·33 | 1·42 | 5·61 | 1·06 | 5·86 | 1·20 | 6·07 | 1·41 | 0·195 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1·71 | 0·49 | 1·72 | 0·45 | 1·61 | 0·41 | 1·63 | 0·44 | 0·484 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3·77 | 0·64 | 3·84 | 0·63 | 3·73 | 0·72 | 3·99 | 0·79 | 0·107 |
| NEFA (mmol/l) | 0·59 | 0·32 | 0·55 | 0·31 | 0·73 | 0·27 | 0·53 | 0·19 | 0·398 |
| PTH (pg/ml) | 61·6 | 32·2 | 59·1 | 32·0 | 60·1 | 21·4 | 57·1 | 16·6 | 0·659 |
| Corrected Ca (mmol/l) | 2·36 | 0·10 | 2·36 | 0·13 | 2·34 | 0·12 | 2·32 | 0·12 | 0·750 |
| Adiponectin (µg/ml) | 8·28 | 3·17 | 7·36 | 2·48 | 6·76 | 4·01 | 5·67 | 4·00 | 0·210 |
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | 48·2 | 44·4 | 52·4 | 45·8 | 75·0 | 62·0 | 61·8 | 51·5 | 0·650 |
| Leptin (ng/ml) | 5·17 | 13·13 | 3·55 | 9·16 | 2·25 | 2·70 | 1·77 | 1·59 | 0·774 |
| Resistin (ng/ml) | 3·29 | 0·88 | 3·00 | 1·03 | 3·06 | 0·96 | 3·39 | 1·11 | 0·135 |
| hsCRP (mg/l) | 2·15 | 2·37 | 1·06 | 0·72 | 1·78 | 2·48 | 1·23 | 1·48 | 0·498 |
| TNFα (pg/ml) | 4·62 | 1·27 | 4·34 | 1·24 | 4·47 | 1·48 | 4·14 | 1·27 | 0·333 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 0·92 | 0·63 | 0·90 | 0·47 | 1·36 | 1·38 | 0·77 | 0·47 | 0·066 |
| PAI-1 (ng/ml) | 15·43 | 4·07 | 11·46 | 4·83 | 14·39 | 3·75 | 15·19 | 6·33 | 0·038 |
BP, blood pressure; HR, heart rate; bpm, beats per min; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance; PTH, parathyroid hormone; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.
* P values are based on analysis of group effect for post values adjusted for baseline values, sex, age and BMI (P < 0·05).