. 2014 Sep 3;5:954. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00954

Table 4.

The findings of regression analyses for participants' performance in the Simon task after partialling out the participants' age (i.e., cognitive maturation).

		R² change^a	L2 proficiency			R² change^b	L2:L1 ratio
			*beta*	t₍₉₃₎	p		*beta*	t₍₉₃₎	p
Overall	RT	0.01	−0.13	1.38	0.09	0.02	−0.15^*	1.80	0.04
	Error	<0.001	0.01	0.10	0.46	0.01	0.09	0.88	0.19
	μ	0.01	−0.09	0.96	0.17	0.01	−0.13	1.43	0.08
	σ	0.01	−0.10	0.88	0.19	0.02	−0.13	1.29	0.10
	τ	0.01	−0.12	1.15	0.13	0.01	−0.12	1.31	0.10
Simon Effect	RT	0.02	−0.14	1.24	0.11	0.03	−0.20^*	1.86	0.04
	Error	0.001	−0.04	0.31	0.38	0.004	0.07	0.62	0.27
	μ	0.04^*	−0.22^*	1.88	0.03	0.05^*	−0.25^*	2.35	0.01
	σ	0.02	−0.14	1.25	0.11	0.02	−0.15	1.41	0.08
	τ	0.01	0.12	1.01	0.16	0.01	0.10	0.87	0.20
Congruent Trials	RT	0.01	−0.11	1.23	0.11	0.02	−0.13	1.56	0.06
	Error	0.001	0.04	0.36	0.36	0.003	0.05	0.52	0.31
	μ	0.003	−0.06	0.63	0.27	0.01	−0.11	1.15	0.13
	σ	0.002	−0.05	0.45	0.33	0.01	−0.09	0.91	0.19
	τ	0.01	−0.13	1.32	0.10	0.01	−0.11	1.21	0.12
Incongruent Trials	RT	0.02^*	−0.16^*	1.72	0.045	0.03^*	−0.20^*	2.32	0.01
	Error	<0.001	−0.01	0.08	0.47	0.01	0.09	0.88	0.19
	μ	0.03^*	−0.21^*	2.19	0.02	0.06^*	−0.27^*	3.12	0.00
	σ	0.03^*	−0.20^*	1.77	0.04	0.05^*	−0.25^*	2.36	0.01
	τ	0.001	−0.03	0.31	0.38	0.001	−0.03	0.32	0.38

p < 0.05 (one-tailed). Please refer to Table 2 for the means and standard deviations of different measures. The R² change^a column shows the increase in R² after adding L2 proficiency predictor variables alone and its significance. The R² change^b column shows the increase in R² after adding L2:L1 ratio predictor variables alone and its significance. The L2 proficiency and L2:L1 ratio columns show the significance of the L2 proficiency and L2:L1 ratio predictor variables in the regression analyses, respectively.