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Overnight memory changes (evening [RET1] versus morning [RET2]) in word-pair cued recall performance for spindle activity (SpA) enhancers and SpA nonenhancers. Note that memory performance is decreased in the morning [RET2] after sleep in comparison to the evening [RET1] independently whether children could enhance SpA from the baseline to the experimental night (SpA enhancers) or not (SpA nonenhancers). Error bars indicate standard error of means. RET, reaction time.
