Table 2.

PSQI (individual components and global score) before and after treatment in melatonin and placebo groups

		Melatonin	Placebo	P valuea	P valueb
Sleep quality	Before	2±0.95	1.89±0.57	0.490
	After	1.52±0.84	1.77±0.57
	P valuec	0.001	0.18
Sleep latency	Before	2.22±0.95	2.04±0.89	0.494
	After	1.74±1.17	1.74±0.86
	P value	0.001	0.23
Sleep duration	Before	2.48±0.89	2.22±0.69	0.056
	After	1.70±1.02	2.14±0.76
	P value	0.024	0.41
Sleep efficacy	Before	2.30±1.06	2.11±1.05	0.522
	After	1.61±1.27	2.03±1.12
	P value	0.003	0.15
Sleep disturbance	Before	1.65±0.83	1.74±0.66	0.634
	After	1.55±0.65	1.7±0.66
	P value	0.080	0.31
Use of sleep medicine	Before	0	0	n/a
	After	0	0
	P value	0	0
Daytime dysfunction	Before	0.91±0.85	0.63±0.84	0.178
	After	0.78±0.67	0.7±0.91
	P value	0.180	0.157
Global Score	Before	11.63±3.96	10.66±2.48	0.206
	After	8.7±4.15	10.11±2.66		<0.001
	P value	0.002	0.065

^aP value calculated for comparison of baseline differences between melatonin and placebo groups

^bP value calculated for comparison of treatment efficacy between melatonin and placebo groups

^cP value calculated for within group comparison (before and after treatment)

Abbreviations: PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; n/a, not applicable