Table 1.
Baseline characteristic of white European (WE) and South Asian (SA) participants
(Mean values and standard deviations or numbers and percentages)
| WE (n 1820) | SA (n 253) | P (SA v. WE) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | |
| Age (years) | 63·9 | 7·6 | 59·6 | 8·3 | <0·0001 |
| Male | 0·7 | ||||
| n | 1115 | 152 | |||
| % | 61·3 | 60·1 | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32·4 | 5·7 | 31·1 | 5·5 | 0·001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 109·3 | 13·0 | 105·1 | 11·7 | <0·0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5·2 | 1·1 | 4·9 | 0·9 | <0·0001 |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 3·1 | 0·9 | 3·0 | 0·8 | 0·01 |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1·4 | 0·4 | 1·3 | 0·4 | <0·0001 |
| TAG (mmol/l) | 1·6 | 0·9 | 1·5 | 0·9 | 0·45 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5·3 | 0·8 | 5·4 | 0·8 | 0·03 |
| 2-h blood glucose (mmol/l) | 6·6 | 2·5 | 7·5 | 3·0 | <0·0001 |
| HbA1c (mmol/l) | 41·2 | 5·1 | 43·7 | 6·9 | <0·0001 |
| Vitamin C (µmol/l) | 39·9 | 22·1 | 34·5 | 19·8 | <0·0001 |
| F2-isoprostanes (mmol/l per mmol/l creatinine) | 1·3* | 1·6 | 1·2* | 1·6 | 0·86 |
| Deprivation score | 14·7 | 12·6 | 26·8 | 14·3 | <0·0001 |
| Current smoker (yes) | <0·0001 | ||||
| n | 150 | 15 | |||
| % | 8·2 | 5·9 | |||
| Vitamin user (yes) | <0·0001 | ||||
| n | 261 | 68 | |||
| % | 14·8 | 28·7 | |||
| History of CVD (yes) | 0·06 | ||||
| n | 383 | 40 | |||
| % | 21·6 | 16·3 | |||
| Family history of T2DM (yes) | <0·0001 | ||||
| n | 607 | 149 | |||
| % | 33·7 | 58·9 | |||
T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
*Geometric mean.