Table 3. Relationships between leadership behaviours, motivation and outcomes as rated by the MLQ.

Main construct relationships	Scale relationship	Average observed correlations	Average correlations predicted from linear regression	GLM predicted correlations
Leadership to motives:	Transformat. leadersh.→Economic exchg.	−.10	−.07	−.10
	Transformat. leadersh.→Intrinsic motiv.	.18	.15	.18
	Transformat. leadersh.→Social exchg.	.15	.11	.15
	Transactional leadersh.→Economic exchg.	.01	.01	.01
	Transactional leadersh.→Intrinsic motiv.	.03	.08	.03
	Transactional leadersh.→Social exchg.	.05	.06	.05
	Laissez-faire→Economic exchg.	.11	.17	.11
	Laissez-faire→Intrinsic motiv.	−.11	−.07	−.11
	Laissez-faire→Social exchg.	−.07	−.03	−.07
Motives to outcomes:	Intrinsic motiv.→OCB	.20	.24	.20
	Intrinsic motiv.→Turnover int.	−.22	−.16	−.22
	Intrinsic motiv.→Work effort	.26	.24	.26
	Intrinsic motiv.→Work quality	.21	.22	.21
	Social exchg.→OCB	.12	.18	.12
	Social exchg.→Turnover intent.	−.14	−.08	−.14
	Social exchg.→Work effort	.13	.15	.13
	Social exchg.→Work quality	.05	.16	.05
	Economic exchg.→OCB	−.15	−.19	−.15
	Economic exchg.→Turnover int.	.13	.23	.13
	Economic exchg.→Work effort	−.17	−.15	−.17
	Economic exchg.→Work quality	−.09	−.14	−.09
Leadership to outcomes:	Transformat. leadersh.→OCB	.10	.16	.10
	Transformat. leadersh.→Turnover int.	−.16	−.07	−.16
	Transformat. leadersh.→Work effort	.09	.15	.09
	Transformat. leadersh.→Work quality	.07	.16	.07
	Transactional leadersh.→Turnover int.	.05	.08	.05
	Transactional leadersh.→Turnover int.	−.07	.02	−.07
	Transactional leadersh.→Work effort	.06	.08	.06
	Transactional leadersh.→Work quality	.07	.08	.07
	Laissez-faire→OCB	−.01	−.09	−.01
	Laissez-faire→Turnover int.	.11	.16	.11
	Laissez-faire→Work effort	−.03	−.09	−.03
	Laissez-faire→Work quality	.01	−.08	.01

Observed correlations and values obtained through semantic analysis.