Table 2. Baseline blood biomarkers levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke according to favourable (mRS<3) or unfavourable 30-day functional stroke outcome, including in-hospital death (mRS≥3).
| Blood biomarkers | All patients | mRS<3 | mRS≥3 | P |
| N = 240 | 148 (61.7) | 92 (38.3) | ||
| C-reactive protein, mean | 16.70±17.89 | 7.96±10.75 | 30.77±18.14 | <0.001 |
| C-reactive protein, median (IQR) | 4.0 (3.0–32.5) | 4.0 (3.0–4.0) | 35.0 (16.0–44.0) | <0.001 |
| Quartile 1: <3.0 | 18 (7.5) | 16 (10.8) | 2 (2.2) | |
| Quartile 2: 3.0–3.9 | 49 (20.4) | 44 (29.7) | 5 (5.4) | |
| Quartile 3: 4.0–32.4 | 113 (47.1) | 78 (52.7) | 35 (38.0) | |
| Quartile 4: ≥32.5 | 60 (25.0) | 10 (6.8) | 50 (54.3) | |
| Fibrinogen, mean | 4.15±2.12 | 3.25±1.17 | 5.61±2.47 | <0.001 |
| Fibrinogen, median (IQR) | 3.50 (2.90–5.00) | 3.15 (2.50–3.60) | 5.40 (3.90–6.80) | <0.001 |
| Quartile 1: <2.9 | 57 (23.8) | 51 (34.5) | 6 (6.5) | |
| Quartile 2: 2.9–3.4 | 51 (21.2) | 44 (29.7) | 7 (7.6) | |
| Quartile 3: 3.5–4.9 | 68 (28.3) | 44 (29.7) | 24 (26.1) | |
| Quartile 4: ≥5.0 | 64 (26.7) | 9 (6.1) | 55 (59.8) | |
| Cardiac TnI, mean | 0.217±0.453 | 0.06±0.10 | 0.468±0.649 | <0.001 |
| Cardiac TnI, median (IQR) | 0.06 (0.03–0.09) | 0.04 (0.02–0.07) | 0.20 (0.05–0.65) | <0.001 |
| Quartile 1: <0.03 | 47 (19.6) | 42 (28.4) | 5 (5.4) | |
| Quartile 2: 0.03–0.059 | 70 (29.2) | 51 (34.5) | 19 (20.7) | |
| Quartile 3: 0.06–0.089 | 49 (20.4) | 36 (24.3) | 13 (14.1) | |
| Quartile 4: ≥0.09 | 74 (30.8) | 19 (12.8) | 55 (59.8) | |
| D-dimer, mean | 0.61±0.85 | 0.45±0.68 | 0.87±1.02 | <0.001 |
| D-dimer, median (IQR) | 0.24 (0.18–0.80) | 0.22 (0. 17–0.32) | 0.50 (0.19–1.24) | <0.001 |
| Quartile 1: <0.180 | 56 (23.3) | 41 (27.7) | 15 (16.3) | |
| Quartile 2: 0.180–0.234 | 64 (26.7) | 41 (27.7) | 23 (25.0) | |
| Quartile 3: 0.235–0.799 | 58 (24.2) | 44 (29.7) | 14 (15.2) | |
| Quartile 4: ≥0.800 | 62 (25.8) | 22 (14.9) | 40 (43.5) | |
| WBC, mean | 8.21±1.68 | 7.99±1.76 | 8.51±1.47 | 0.008 |
| WBC, median (IQR) | 8.1 (7.0–9.0) | 7.8 (6.9–9.0) | 8.80 (7.70–9.68) | 0.072 |
| Quartile 1: <7.0 | 50 (20.8) | 38 (25.7) | 12 (13.0) | |
| Quartile 2: 7.0–8.0 | 69 (28.7) | 43 (29.1) | 26 (28.3) | |
| Quartile 3: 8.1–8.9 | 38 (15.8) | 23 (15.5) | 15 (16.3) | |
| Quartile 4: ≥9.0 | 83 (34.6) | 44 (29.7) | 39 (47.0) | |
| CrCl, mean | 55.35±7.60 | 56.36±7.35 | 53.73±7.77 | 0.009 |
| CrCl, median (IQR) | 56.00 (51.00–60.00) | 56.00 (53.25–60.00) | 55.00 (48.25–59.00) | 0.020 |
| Quartile 1: <51 | 58 (24.2) | 27 (18.2) | 31 (33.7) | |
| Quartile 2: 51–55 | 61 (25.4) | 36 (24.3) | 25 (27.2) | |
| Quartile 3: 56–59 | 52 (21.7) | 38 (25.7) | 14 (15.2) | |
| Quartile 4: ≥60 | 69 (28.7) | 47 (31.8) | 22 (23.9) | |
| Total cholesterol, mean | 5.71±1.17 | 5.57±1.09 | 5.91±1.26 | 0.025 |
| Total cholesterol, median (IQR) | 5.35 (5.00–6.50) | 5.20 (5.00–6.00) | 6.00 (5.00–6.80) | |
| HDL, mean | 1.04±0.46 | 1.02±0.31 | 1.07±0.63 | 0.416 |
| HDL, median (IQR) | 1.00 (0.90–1.00) | 1.00 (0.93–1.05) | 1.00 (0.90–1.00) | |
| LDL, mean | 3.95±1.17 | 3.83±1.06 | 4.14±1.31 | 0.043 |
| LDL, median (IQR) | 3.80 (3.20–4.70) | 3.60 (3.20–4.36) | 4.40 (3.30–4.98) | |
| Hematocrit, mean | 0.41±0.07 | 0.42±0.06 | 0.40±0.07 | 0.040 |
| Haematocrit, median (IQR) | 0.41 (0.38–0.45) | 0.42 (0.39–0.45) | 0.40 (0.34–0.46) | |
| Haemoglobin, mean | 134.13±18.71 | 135.03±19.63 | 132.68±17.13 | 0.084 |
| Haemoglobin, median (IQR) | 135 (127–145.75) | 136.50 (129–146) | 134 (125.50–145) |
Values are presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation or median with interquartile range (IQR). C-reactive protein is given in mg/L, fibrinogen in g/L, TnI in μg/L and D-dimer in μg/mL.
mRS, modified Rankin Scale (patients who died were assigned a mRS of 6); WBC, white blood cell count; CrCl, creatinine clearance; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein.