Table 4.

Component and total Strengths & Difficulties (SDQ) scores among adolescents according to Internet gambling practices

	Overall Internet gambling (n = 281)		Frequent Internet gambling (n = 109)		Infrequent Internet gambling (n = 172)		No Internet gambling (n = 524)
	n (%)	AOR (95% CI)	n (%)	AOR (95% CI)	n (%)	AOR (95% CI)	n (%)
Emotional symptoms
Borderline	12 (4.3)	1.37 (0.65–2.89)	5 (4.6)	1.72 (0.61–4.86)	7 (4.1)	1.21 (0.49–2.96)	20 (3.8)
Abnormal	25 (8.9)	1.78 (1.02–3.11)	12 (11.0)	2.47 (1.19–5.12)	13 (7.6)	1.42 (0.72–2.82)	34 (6.5)
Conduct problems
Borderline	43 (15.3)	1.43 (0.93–2.20)	17 (15.6)	1.61 (0.88–2.94)	26 (15.1)	1.35 (0.82–2.25)	65 (12.4)
Abnormal	47 (16.7)	3.26 (2.00–5.32)	26 (23.8)	5.20 (2.87–9.42)	21 (12.2)	2.30 (1.27–4.16)	31 (5.9)
Hyperactivity
Borderline	28 (10.0)	2.62 (1.44–4.75)	15 (13.8)	4.12 (2.00–8.52)	13 (7.6)	1.94 (0.94–4.00)	21 (4.0)
Abnormal	12 (4.3)	1.49 (0.70–3.17)	8 (7.3)	2.98 (1.23–7.22)	4 (2.3)	0.73 (0.24–2.21)	18 (3.4)
Peer problems
Borderline	46 (16.4)	1.40 (0.92–2.12)	18 (16.5)	1.39 (0.78–2.49)	28 (16.3)	1.42 (0.87–2.31)	68 (13.0)
Abnormal	15 (5.3)	2.44 (1.08–5.48)	6 (5.5)	2.35 (0.83–6.69)	9 (5.2)	2.50 (1.00–6.29)	11 (2.1)
Prosocial
Borderline	34 (12.1)	1.19 (0.74–1.92)	11 (10.1)	1.01 (0.50–2.05)	23 (13.4)	1.33 (0.78–2.28)	50 (9.5)
Abnormal	26 (9.2)	1.08 (0.64–1.85)	15 (13.8)	1.56 (0.81–3.01)	11 (6.4)	0.78 (0.38–1.58)	41 (7.8)
Total SDQ
Borderline	38 (13.5)	2.02 (1.26–3.24)	14 (12.8)	2.14 (1.10–4.18)	24 (14.0)	2.02 (1.17–3.48)	43 (8.2)
Abnormal	23 (8.2)	4.00 (1.97–8.13)	14 (12.8)	6.90 (3.04–15.66)	9 (5.2)	2.52 (1.04–6.07)	13 (2.5)

AOR: Adjusted odds ratio for age and gender; 95% CI: 95% Confidence Interval.