Table 1.
SNP × treatment interactions that were nominally statistically significant (p<0.05)
| Gene | SNP | Major(minor) allele |
Outcome | Placebo | Metformin | Lifestyle | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (SE) | p | β (SE) | p | β (SE) | p | ||||
| PPARGC1A | rs1878950 | C(T) | Δ Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 11.7 (3.4) | 0.0006 | 2.26 (2.75) | 0.41 | 1.12 (2.98) | 0.71 |
| PPARGC1A | rs2970868 | C(G) | Δ Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 6.07 (1.73) | 0.0005 | −0.38 (1.29) | 0.77 | 1.00 (1.48) | 0.50 |
| PPARGC1B | rs6650970 | T(C) | Δ Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | −2.46 (1.11) | 0.03 | 2.78 (0.86) | 0.001 | 1.19 (0.86) | 0.17 |
| PPARGC1B | rs11746690 | G(A) | Δ Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | −2.88 (1.18) | 0.02 | 2.75 (0.92) | 0.003 | 0.96 (0.91) | 0.29 |
| PPARGC1B | rs12110130 | A(G) | Δ Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 0.89 (2.42) | 0.71 | −3.55 (1.81) | 0.05 | 5.51 (1.74) | 0.002 |
| PPARGC1A | rs741579 | A(G) | Δ 2 h glucose (mmol/l) | 32.5 (12.1) | 0.007 | −6.12 (8.27) | 0.46 | −9.90 (8.16) | 0.22 |
| PPARGC1A | rs957615 | G(A) | Δ 2 h glucose (mmol/l) | −9.42 (2.65) | 0.0004 | 3.09 (2.36) | 0.19 | −2.56 (2.33) | 0.27 |
| PPARGC1A | rs2932974 | A(G) | Δ Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | −3.13 (4.24) | 0.46 | −13.7 (4.03) | 0.0007 | 5.30 (3.98) | 0.18 |
| PPARGC1A | rs2970852 | C(T) | Δ Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | 3.91 (3.93) | 0.32 | 13.9 (3.6) | 0.0001 | −2.22 (3.50) | 0.53 |
| PPARGC1A | rs2970855 | T(A) | Δ Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | −1.49 (3.50) | 0.67 | −11.6 (3.3) | 0.0004 | 2.52 (3.30) | 0.45 |
| PPARGC1A | rs4619879 | A(C) | Δ Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | −2.00 (3.50) | 0.57 | −9.72 (3.25) | 0.003 | 2.87 (3.25) | 0.38 |
| PPARGC1A | rs4697046 | C(T) | Δ Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | −1.43 (3.54) | 0.69 | −11.3 (3.3) | 0.0007 | 3.86 (3.31) | 0.24 |
| PPARGC1A | rs16874290 | A(G) | Δ Waist circumference (cm) | −0.31 (0.93) | 0.74 | −3.15 (1.06) | 0.003 | 0.21 (1.12) | 0.85 |
| PPARGC1A | rs1878949 | A(C) | Δ BMI (kg/m2) | −0.36 (0.11) | 0.0007 | 0.06 (0.10) | 0.55 | 0.07 (0.15) | 0.61 |
| PPARGC1A | rs10938972 | G(A) | Δ BMI (kg/m2) | −0.46 (0.11) | 0.00004 | 0.06 (0.11) | 0.55 | 0.18 (0.16) | 0.25 |
| PPARGC1B | rs10071329 | A(G) | Δ SAT L2/L3 (cm2) | −8.40 (18.65) | 0.65 | 5.00 (17.03) | 0.77 | 148.0 (43.4) | 0.0008 |
| PPARGC1A | rs17576576 | A(G) | Δ VAT L2/L3 (cm2) | 12.5 (3.0) | 0.00004 | −4.48 (3.53) | 0.21 | 1.95 (4.83) | 0.69 |
Data are SNP variants and change from baseline to year 1 in glucose, insulin or triacylglycerol concentrations, or adiposity in the DPP β coefficients are shown per copy of the minor allele under an additive model. Alleles are coded on the + strand. Since treatment interactions were evident, the associations were tested within each treatment group directly, after adjusting for age at randomisation, sex and ethnicity SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT, visceral adipose tissue