Table 2.

Perioperative outcomes and cost for open, laparoscopic and robotic pediatric pyeloplasty, propensity score matched 2003–2010

	Open	Laparoscopic	Robotic
Length of Stay (days)
Median (IQR)	2 (2– 3)	2 (1–3)	2 (1–3)
Mean (95% CI)	2.8 (2.5–3)	2.3 (1.4–3.2)	2.1* (1.7–2.5)
Complications §
None	93.2%	96.8%	91.2%
Minor	6.3%	1.7%	8.8%
Major	0.5%	1.4%	0%
Operating Room Time (min)
Median (IQR)	185 (150–235)	240** (200–299)	270** (210–300)
Mean (95% CI)	207 (184–231)	254* (226–283)	264** (246–282)
Total Inpatient Cost
Median (IQR)	$7,221 (5,698–9,339)	$7,355 (4,904–11,058)	$10,780** (7,993– 15,600)
Mean (95% CI)	$8,069 (7,179–8,959)	$8,897 (5,319–12,474)	$12,077* (9,644–14,511)

^§Weighted chi-square analysis showed no differences among the treatment modalities. Statistical significance compared with open pyeloplasty:

^*p<0.05,

^**p<0.0001