Table 2.

Summary Risk Estimates (SRRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) for all Endpoints

Endpoints	Groups	SRR (95%CI)	I2	n studies*
Cancer incidence	All studies	0.69 (0.52, 0.90)	88	19
	Adjusted for BMI	0.82 (0.70, 0.96)	76	11
	Adjusted for time related bias	0.90 (0.89, 0.91)	56	8
	Prospective studies	0.71 (0.47, 1.07)	89	12
	Randomized Clinical Trials	0.95 (0.69, 1.30)	5	5
Cancer mortality	All studies	0.66 (0.54, 0.81)	21	7
	Adjusted for BMI	0.60 (0.45, 0.80)	0	5
	Adjusted for time related bias	0.45 (0.16, 1.26)	0	3
	Prospective studies	0.48 (0.23, 0.97)	0	4
Single cancer sites
Breast	All studies	0.88 (0.75, 1.03)	60	13
	Adjusted for BMI	0.82 (0.67, 1.00)	48	7
	Adjusted for time related bias	0.94 (0.90, 0.99)	32	6
	Prospective studies	0.94 (0.90, 0.99)	44	7
Colon	All studies	0.80 (0.64, 1.00)	76	12
	Adjusted for BMI	0.84 (0.50, 1.40)	81	6
	Adjusted for time related bias	0.92 (0.85, 0.98)	24	3
	Prospective studies	0.82 (0.57, 1.17)	74	5
Prostate	All studies	1.06 (0.80, 1.41)	91	12
	Adjusted for BMI	0.98 (0.68, 1.40)	55	6
	Adjusted for time related bias	1.25 (0.87, 1.80)	96	6
	Prospective studies	0.93 (0.89, 0.97)	59	6
Pancreas	All studies	0.75 (0.49, 1.15)	84	11
	Adjusted for time related bias	0.48 (0.16, 1.43)	83	5
	Time related unbiased	0.77 (0.38, 1.55)	40	5
	Prospective studies	0.89 (0.61, 1.29)	80	6
Liver	All studies	0.47 (0.28, 0.79)	82	9
	Adjusted for time related bias	0.65 (0.39, 1.08)	38	3
	Prospective studies	0.78 (0.72, 0.85)	52	5
Lung	All studies	0.82 (0.67, 0.99)	57	5
	Adjusted for smoking	0.95 (0.82, 1.11)	57	5
	Adjusted for time related bias	0.88 (0.81, 0.95)	36	3
	Prospective studies	0.97 (0.69, 1.35)	26	3

^*n. estimates may not corresponds to n. of studies; BMI: Body Mass Index. SRR: Summary Relative risk