Table 3.
Groups | Lung | Diaphragm | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alveolar-capillary membrane | Type II epithelial cells | Endothelial cells | Abnormal myofibril with Z-disk edema | Mitochondrial injury | |||
ALIp | PCV | NS | 2 (2-3) | 3 (2.75-3) | 2 (1.75-2.25) | 3 (2.5-3) | 2 (2-3) |
Sigh | 4 (3-4)* | 3 (3-4) | 3 (2.75-4)* | 2 (2-3) | 2 (2-2.5) | ||
PSV | NS | 2 (1.75-2) | 2 (2-2.25)* | 1 (1-2) | 2 (1.5-2)* | 2 (1.5-2) | |
Sigh | 2 (2-3)** | 2 (2-2.25)** | 2 (2-2)** | 2 (1-2) | 1(1-2) | ||
ALIexp | PCV | NS | 2 (1.75-2.25) | 2 (1.75-2.25) | 3 (2.75-3) | 3 (2-3) | 2 (2-3) |
Sigh | 2 (2-2.25) | 3 (2-3)* | 3 (2.75-3.25) | 3 (2.5-3) | 3 (2-3) | ||
PSV | NS | 2 (1.75-2) | 2 (1.75-2) | 2 (1.75-2)* | 2 (1.5-2) | 2(1-2) | |
Sigh | 3 (3-3.25)**# | 3 (3-3.25)# | 3 (3-4)# | 2 (1.5-2) | 2 (1.5-2) |
Values expressed as median (interquartile range) of five animals in each group. A five-point, semi-quantitative, severity-based scoring system was used. Pathological findings were graded as: 0 = normal lung parenchyma; 1 = changes in 1 to 25%; 2 = changes in 26 to 50%; 3 = changes in 51 to 75%; and 4 = changes in 76 to 100% of examined tissue. *Significantly different from PCV-NS (P <0.05); **significantly different from PCV-Sigh (P <0.05): #significantly different from PSV-NS (P <0.05). ALIp, pulmonary acute lung injury; PCV, pressure-controlled ventilation; NS, non-sigh; PSV, pressure support ventilation; ALIexp, extrapulmonary acute lung injury.