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. 2014 Aug 30;26(8):1287–1291. doi: 10.1589/jpts.26.1287

Table 1. Comparison of balance and gait abilities within and among the three groups.

Group
Variable		 MDGT CDGT MCDGT
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD
NO
STI* 		Pre 28.70 ± 7.83 28.39 ± 5.07 28.76 ± 3.69
Post 19.01 ± 6.99 24.52 ± 4.82 12.95 ± 2.19
change −9.68 ± 2.17 2,3* −3.87 ± 1.70 1,3* −15.81 ± 4.17 1,2*
NC
STI* 		Pre 47.39 ± 10.84 47.21 ± 9.60 47.26 ± 13.66
Post 35.87 ± 10.60 43.35 ± 8.63 24.92 ± 10.60
change −11.52 ± 2.32 2,3* −3.86 ± 1.91 1,3* −22.35 ± 9.80 1,2*
NO
WDI* 		Pre 8.32 ± 1.36 8.30 ± 0.98 8.82 ± 0.74
Post 7.01 ± 1.12 7.14 ± 0.69 6.22 ± 0.40
change −1.31 ± 0.56 3* −1.15 ± 0.77 3* −2.60 ± 0.61 1,2*
NC
WDI* 		Pre 10.13 ± 2.13 10.34 ± 1.46 10.47 ± 0.86
Post 7.42 ± 1.44 9.22 ± 1.33 7.31 ± 0.66
change −2.71 ± 2.16 2* −1.12 ± 0.77 1,3* −3.15 ± 0.74 2*
FRT*
(cm)		 Pre 22.56 ± 7.86 22.36 ± 5.55 22.27 ± 6.13
Post 26.14 ± 8.06 23.82 ± 5.91 27.82 ± 6.32
change 3.57 ± 0.50 2,3* 1.45 ± 3.56 1,3* 5.55 ± 1.13 1,2*
TUG
(sec)		 Pre 19.28 ± 9.50 19.33 ± 10.99 19.45 ± 7.92
Post 15.35 ± 6.68 17.31 ± 9.90 15.75 ± 7.73
change −3.94 ± 3.53* −2.02 ± 1.87* −3.69 ± 2.31*
FSST*
(sec)		 Pre 21.17 ± 9.30 21.08 ± 11.70 21.07 ± 7.73
Post 18.92 ± 8.86 18.59 ± 12.34 16.16 ± 7.34
change −2.25 ± 1.67 2* −2.49 ± 2.12 * −4.91 ± 3.16 1*
10 m WT*
(m/s)		 Pre 0.85 ± 0.38 0.93 ± 0.48 0.89 ± 0.38
Post 0.98 ± 0.49 0.96 ± 0.51 1.26 ± 0.54
change 0.13 ± 0.113* 0.03 ± 0.043* 0.38 ± 0.211,2*
6 min WT*
(m)		 Pre 223.00 ± 82.33 253.83 ± 123.42 246.68 ± 97.00
Post 242.07 ± 82.33 263.90 ± 123.61 277.66 ± 89.94
change 19.07 ± 0.83* 10.07 ± 0.832* 30.98 ± 30.451*

*Expressed as p<0.05. NO: Normal eyes open; NC: Normal eyes closed; STI: Stability test index; WDI: Weight distribution index; FRT: Functional reach test; TUG: Timed up and go test; FSST: Four square step test; 10 m WT: 10 m Walk test; 6 min WT: 6-min Walk test; MDGT:motor dual task gait training group; CDGT:cognition dual task gait training group; MCDGT: Motor and cognition dual task gait training group. 1 significantly different compared with MDGT. 2 significantly different compared with CDGT. 3 significantly different compared with MCDG