Table 4.
Summary of Studies According to Outcome Measure, Assessed Time, and Results
| Author, location (year) | Outcome measure | Assessed at: | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fink et al., Germany ( 2004)27 | MAS(L), H/M ratio | Baseline, after first treatment, 4 wk | MAS(L): no significant differences between groups in any of follow-up assessment H/M ratio: significantly lower in intervention group assessed only at 4 wk |
| Gong et al., China (2008)28 | H/M ratio | Baseline, 6 wk | H/M ratio: significantly lower in intervention group assessed at 6 wk |
| He and Zhang, China (2008)29 | FMAM(L) | Baseline, 30 d | FMAM(L): significantly higher in both intervention groups than in control group and significantly higher in high-frequency group than in low-frequency group assessed at 30 d |
| Lee et al., Korea (2007)30 | MAS(U), H/M ratio, FMAM(U) | Baseline, 2 h, 2 wk | MAS(U): no significant differences of changes between groups in any of follow-up assessment H/M ratio: significantly improved in intervention group assessed at 2 h and 2 wk FMAM(U): no significant differences in changes between groups in any of follow-up assessment |
| Li et al., China (2007)31 | MAS(U), MAS(L), BI | Baseline, 2 mo | MAS(U), MAS(L): significantly lower in intervention group assessed at 2 mo BI: significantly higher in intervention group assessed at 2 mo |
| Qu et al., China (2001)32 | MAS(U), MAS(L), BI | Baseline, 30 d | MAS(U), MAS(L): significantly lower in intervention group assessed at 30 d BI: significantly higher in intervention group assessed at 30 d |
| Sun, China (2003)33 | MAS(U), MAS(L), FMAM(U), FMAM(L) | Baseline, 30 d | MAS(U), MAS(L): significantly lower in intervention group assessed at 30d FMAM(U), FMAM(L): no significant differences between groups assessed at 30d |
| Yan et al., China (2003)34 | MAS(U), MAS(L), FMAM(U) FMAM(L) | Baseline, 24–48 d | MAS(U), MAS(L): significantly lower in intervention group at follow-up assessment FMAM(U), FMAM(L): significantly higher in intervention group at follow-up assessment |
MAS, Modified Ashworth Scale; L, in lower extremities; H/M ratio, H-reflex/M-response ratio; FMAM, Fugl-Meyer assessment-motor score; U, in upper extremities; BI, Barthel Index.