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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 5.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Rev. 2013 Jun 17;113(8):5701–5765. doi: 10.1021/cr4000144

Scheme 183.

Scheme 183

Bridged Lactams in Total Synthesis of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids: a) Oxohaemanthidine, Oxodihydrohaemanthidine, Oxoapohaemanthidine and Pretazzetine; b) Dihydrocrinine; c) 6,11-Dioxocrinene; d) Haemanthidine (please use double-column format for Scheme 183)