TABLE 1.

Fluoroquinolone activity against Enterobacteriaceae, nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli, and gram-positive organisms from the Asia-Pacific region, 1999 to 2001^a

Organism	No. of strains	Antibiotic	MIC50 (μg/ml)	MIC90 (μg/ml)	% Susceptible at concn (μg/ml) of:
					0.25	0.5	1	2	4
Enterobacteriaceae
Citrobacter freundii	58	Garenoxacin	1	>4	34	39	50	63	77
	58	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	>2	70	72	74	84	NT
	58	Levofloxacin	0.25	>4	67	70	75	84	89
	58	Gatifloxacin	0.25	>4	51	69	70	84	89
	58	Gemifloxacin	0.25	>4	63	70	77	82	84
Enterobacter aerogenes	119	Garenoxacin	0.12	1	84	88	91	94	95
	119	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	0.25	90	95	97	99	NT
	119	Levofloxacin	0.06	0.25	89	94	97	99	99
	119	Gatifloxacin	0.06	1	87	89	95	99	99
	119	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	0.5	89	92	97	97	98
Enterobacter cloacae	451	Garenoxacin	0.12	>4	72	76	78	80	84
	451	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	>2	81	86	87	89	NT
	451	Levofloxacin	0.06	2	77	86	87	90	91
	451	Gatifloxacin	0.06	2	76	81	87	90	92
	451	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	2	77	81	88	90	92
Escherichia coli	2,411	Garenoxacin	≤0.03	>4	80	82	83	84	85
	2,411	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	>2	82	84	84	84	NT
	2,411	Levofloxacin	≤0.03	>4	81	84	84	85	87
	2,411	Gatifloxacin	≤0.03	>4	81	84	84	85	87
	2,411	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	4	83	84	84	85	90
Klebsiella oxytoca	167	Garenoxacin	0.12	2	88	89	89	91	94
	167	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	≤0.25	91	94	95	97	NT
	167	Levofloxacin	≤0.03	0.25	91	93	96	97	97
	167	Gatifloxacin	0.06	0.5	89	92	96	97	97
	167	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	0.5	89	91	95	96	98
Klebsiella pneumoniae	1,053	Garenoxacin	0.12	>4	77	80	83	84	85
	1,053	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	>2	81	84	87	88	NT
	1,053	Levofloxacin	0.06	4	80	85	87	89	91
	1,053	Gatifloxacin	0.06	4	80	83	87	88	91
	1,053	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	4	82	84	87	88	91
Morganella morganii	86	Garenoxacin	1	>4	30	46	61	66	76
	86	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	>2	67	68	83	83	NT
	86	Levofloxacin	0.06	>4	65	68	83	87	89
	86	Gatifloxacin	0.12	>4	64	67	73	83	86
	86	Gemifloxacin	0.06	4	66	67	68	74	90
Proteus mirabilis	211	Garenoxacin	0.5	>4	27	70	82	84	84
	211	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	2	84	85	87	91	NT
	211	Levofloxacin	0.06	1	84	85	91	95	98
	211	Gatifloxacin	0.25	4	76	84	85	88	95
	211	Gemifloxacin	0.12	4	83	84	85	85	91
Serratia marcescens	233	Garenoxacin	2	>4	1	4	21	58	73
	233	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	>2	65	71	75	80	NT
	233	Levofloxacin	0.25	>4	62	70	76	80	85
	233	Gatifloxacin	0.5	>4	35	62	73	78	86
	233	Gemifloxacin	0.25	>4	56	69	76	77	87
Nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli
Acinetobacter baumanii	340	Garenoxacin	0.06	>4	57	58	60	62	75
	340	Ciprofloxacin	0.25	>2	51	56	58	59	NT
	340	Levofloxacin	0.12	>4	56	58	59	61	77
	340	Gatifloxacin	0.12	>4	58	58	60	61	79
	340	Gemifloxacin	0.03	>4	59	61	62	62	82
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1,236	Garenoxacin	2	>4	2	9	40	69	79
	1,236	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	>2	66	79	84	87	NT
	1,236	Levofloxacin	0.5	>4	20	60	75	83	87
	1,236	Gatifloxacin	1	>4	5	32	64	79	85
	1,236	Gemifloxacin	0.25	4	51	72	82	85	89
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	132	Garenoxacin	2	>4	5	11	38	65	84
	132	Ciprofloxacin	>2	>2	0	1	18	49	NT
	132	Levofloxacin	1	4	3	25	68	87	93
	132	Gatifloxacin	1	4	7	34	70	87	91
	132	Gemifloxacin	1	4	15	45	77	86	90
Gram-positive bacteria
Enterococcus faecalis	511	Garenoxacin	0.25	4	64	81	83	86	93
	511	Ciprofloxacin	1	>2	0	11	64	80	NT
	333	Levofloxacin	1	>4	0	9	75	82	82
	511	Gatifloxacin	0.5	>4	17	73	81	82	83
	511	Gemifloxacin	0.06	>1	82	83	85	88	93
Enterococcus faecium	148	Garenoxacin	>4	>4	9	10	11	16	41
	148	Ciprofloxacin	>2	>2	1	4	9	25	NT
	92	Levofloxacin	>4	>4	0	4	13	42	48
	148	Gatifloxacin	>4	>4	5	8	18	33	41
	148	Gemifloxacin	4	>4	10	16	35	41	59
OSSA	1,516	Garenoxacin	≤0.03	≤0.03	98	98	99	99	99
	1,516	Ciprofloxacin	≤0.25	0.5	76	95	97	98	NT
	1,007	Levofloxacin	0.12	0.25	96	97	97	98	99
	1,516	Gatifloxacin	0.06	0.12	98	98	98	99	99
	1,516	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	≤0.03	98	99	99	99	99
ORSA	1,146	Garenoxacin	1	4	23	38	61	84	92
	1,146	Ciprofloxacin	>2	>2	12	14	15	15	NT
	760	Levofloxacin	4	>4	15	17	17	22	66
	1,146	Gatifloxacin	2	>4	15	18	31	65	89
	1,145	Gemifloxacin	1	4	30	47	77	85	94
Staphylococcus epidermidis	429	Garenoxacin	0.25	2	50	54	80	94	99
	429	Ciprofloxacin	2	>2	46	48	49	51	NT
	204	Levofloxacin	2	>4	46	47	47	60	88
	429	Gatifloxacin	0.5	2	49	50	66	97	99
	429	Gemifloxacin	0.06	1	70	88	97	99	99
Streptococcus agalactiae	302	Garenoxacin	0.06	0.12	98	98	99	99	100
	302	Ciprofloxacin	1	1	0	40	94	97	NT
	264	Levofloxacin	0.5	1	0	59	95	97	98
	302	Gatifloxacin	0.25	5	83	98	98	99	99
	302	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	0.06	98	99	100	100	100
Streptococcus pyogenes	352	Garenoxacin	0.06	0.12	100	100	100	100	100
	352	Ciprofloxacin	0.5	1	16	87	94	99	100
	313	Levofloxacin	0.5	1	12	88	95	100	100
	352	Gatifloxacin	0.25	0.25	90	100	100	100	100
	352	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	≤0.03	100	100	100	100	100
Streptococcus pneumoniae	1,486	Garenoxacin	0.06	0.06	98	99	100	100	100
	1,486	Ciprofloxacin	1	2	0	13	72	96	97
	1,353	Levofloxacin	1	1	0	31	97	98	98
	1,486	Gatifloxacin	0.25	5	81	98	98	98	99
	723	Moxifloxacin	0.12	0.25	97	98	98	98	100
	807	Gemifloxacin	≤0.03	≤0.03	99	100	100	100	100

^aMIC₅₀, MIC at which 50% of the isolates tested are inhibited; NT, not tested.