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. 2014 Aug 30;7:1525–1533. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S65345

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© 2014 Su et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Positive feedback loop between EGFR and ER-α36.

Notes: A positive feedback loop has been confirmed that EGFR signaling activates transcription of ER-α36 through an AP-1-binding site in the promoter region of ER-α36. In turn, ER-α36 is able to stabilize EGFR protein and mediate MAPK/ERK and Src/EGFR/STAT5 pathways. In the Src/EGFR/STAT5 pathway, Src functions as a switch by phosphorylation to enhance proliferation and malignant properties of cancer.

Abbreviations: AP-1, activator protein 1; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ER-α36, estrogen receptor-alpha36; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases; STAT5, signal transducer and activator of transcription 5.