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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA Psychiatry. 2014 Sep 1;71(9):1049–1057. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.994

Table 1.

Twin Correlations with 95% confidence intervals

MZM DZM MZF DZF DZOS

Cross-twin within trait correlations
Paranoia .47 (.41-.52) .28 (.20-.34) .55 (.51-.59) .30 (.23-.35) .24 (.19-.28)
Hallucinations .37 (.30-.43) .27 (.20-.34) .48 (.43-.53) .33 (.27-.39) .23 (.18-.28)
Cognitive disorganisation .40 (.34-.46) .30 (.23-.37) .50 (.45-.54) .20 (.13-.26) .24 (.19-.28)
Grandiosity .48 (.42-.53) .23 (.16-.30) .49 (.45-.54) .31 (.25-.37) .24 (.19-.29)
Anhedonia .47 (.41-.53) .23 (.16-.30) .49 (.44-.53) .26 (.20-.32) .19 (.14-.24)
Negative symptoms .83 (.80-.85) .53 (.47-.58) .83 (.81-.85) .59 (.55-.63) .50 (.46-.54)

Cross-twin cross trait correlations
Paranoia-hallucinations .24 (.17-.31) .13 (.05-.20) .31 (.25-.36) .19 (.17.25) .15 (.10-.20)
Paranoia-cognitive disorganisation .24 (.17-.31) .17 (.09-.24) .32 (.26-.37) .18 (.11-.24) .15 (.10-.20)
Hallucinations-cog disorganisation .20 (.13-.27) .25 (.17-.32) .33 (.27-.38) .22 (.16-.28) .15 (.10-.20)
Cognitive disorganisation-negative symptoms .23 (.16-.30) .19 (.11-.26) .22 (.16-.28) .20 (.14-.26) .15 (.10-.20)

Note: MZM=monozygotic males, DZM=Dizygotic males, MZF=monozygotic females, DZF=dizygotic females, DZOS=dizygotic opposite sex. Self-report data was available for 1400 MZ males, 1319 DZ males, 1995 MZ females, 1770 DZ females, 2998 DZ opposite-sex twin pairs. Parent-report data was available for 1410 MZ males, 1322 DZ males, 1994 MZ females, 1760 DZ females, 3024 DZ opposite-sex twin pairs