Table 2. General baseline predictors of successful long-term glycemic control in participants in the IP and IS arms Adjusted odds ratios (OR) from logistic regression models.

		IP Arm			IS Arm			OR in IP arm compared to OR in IS arm p
		N=962 n=235 successful control			N=9541 n=335 successful control
		OR	95% C.I.	p	OR	95% C.I.	p
Compared to participants not on any diabetes drug1,	n=164
On one oral IP agent	n=319	2.208	1.12-4.35	0.022	1.518	0.84-2.75	0.17	0.42
On one oral IS agent	n=257	1.202	0.59-2.44	0.61	3.794	2.01-7.15	<.001	0.018
On two or more oral agents	n=652	1.368	0.71-2.63	0.35	0.993	0.56-1.75	0.98	0.47
On insulin:
Insulin alone	n=205	1.593	0.70-3.64	0.27	0.378	0.15-0.95	0.039	0.023
Insulin plus oral agent(s)	n=319	1.149	0.53-2.49	0.73	0.368	0.17-0.79	0.010	0.040
HbA1c (increment of 1%)		0.697	0.61-0.79	<.001	0.673	0.60-0.76	<.001	0.69
Age (increment of 10 years)		1.530	1.23-1.90	<.001	1.179	0.97-1.44	0.10	0.081
Duration of DM (increment of 5 years)		1.023	0.92-1.14	0.69	0.804	0.71-0.92	0.001	0.005
Other clinical and demographic variables:
Canada vs. US		0.997	0.63-1.57	0.99	1.060	0.68-1.64	0.80	0.85
Mexico vs. US		1.486	0.57-3.89	0.42	2.736	1.18-6.35	0.019	0.35
Brazil vs. US		2.868	1.71-4.80	<.001	3.462	2.01-5.98	<.001	0.62
Vienna, Prague vs. US		0.822	0.29-2.37	0.72	0.437	0.16-1.20	0.11	0.40
High school education or higher		0.694	0.48-1.00	0.0496	0.773	0.53-1.12	0.17	0.68
Moderate or strenuous level of physical activity		0.733	0.52-1.04	0.08	1.807	1.28-2.55	<.001	<.001
Current smoker		0.754	0.42-1.36	0.35	0.573	0.34-0.98	0.041	0.50
Non-compressible artery (i.e., ABI cannot be measured)		1.991	1.00-3.96	0.0496	1.039	0.46-2.36	0.93	0.23
High creatinine: >1.5 mg/dl males, >1.4 mg/dl females (x88.4 for μmol/L)		1.417	0.74-2.73	0.30	0.398	0.18-0.88	0.024	0.016
Diastolic blood pressure (10 mmHg increment)		0.814	0.70-0.95	0.010	0.881	0.75-1.03	0.11	0.48
Prior PCI		0.719	0.47-1.10	0.13	0.640	0.42-0.98	0.042	0.70
Insulin > 5 μIU/ml vs. =< 5 μIU/ml (x6.945 for pmol/L)		1.135	0.73-1.76	0.57	1.575	1.05-2.37	0.030	0.29

¹One person was excluded who was taking acarbose and no other anti-glycemic medication, a therapy that does not fit into any of the groups analyzed in this table.

The association between baseline variables and success is quantified with odds ratios (OR), with values larger or smaller than 1.0 indicating respectively a higher or lower likelihood of having successful glycemic control. These odds ratios, and their associated confidence intervals and p-values were estimated separately for participants randomized to IP and IS arms; the p value of potential difference between the two arms is given in the last column.