TABLE 1.
Occurrence of biofilm formation and presence of the esp gene in E. faecalis isolates
| Clinical sourceb (total no. tested) | No. (%) of isolates with indicated biofilm phenotypea/no. (%) of isolates which were also esp positive
|
% of total isolates that were esp positive | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strong | Medium | Strong or medium | Weak | Non-biofilm former | Weak or non- biofilm former | Positive for biofilm formation | ||
| Endocarditis (79) | 31 (39)/23 (74) | 41 (52)/14 (34) | 72 (91)/37 (51) | 7 (9)/1 (14) | 0 (0)/0 (0) | 7 (9)/1 (14) | 79 (100)/38 (48) | 48 |
| Urine (22) | 0 (0)/0 (0) | 17 (77)/12 (71) | 17 (77)/12 (71) | 3 (14)/1 (33) | 2 (9)/0 (0) | 5 (22)/1 (20) | 20 (91)/13 (65) | 59 |
| Otherc (31) | 2 (7)/0 (0) | 17 (55)/12 (71) | 19 (61)/12 (71) | 6 (19)/3 (50) | 6 (19)/0 (0) | 12 (39)/3 (25) | 25 (81)/15 (60) | 48 |
| Hospital fecal specimens (15) | 1 (7)/1 (100) | 7 (47)/2 (29) | 8 (53)/3 (38) | 4 (27)/2 (50) | 3 (20)/0 (0) | 7 (47)/2 (29) | 12 (80)/5 (42) | 33 |
| Community fecal specimens (16) | 2 (13)/1 (50) | 10 (63)/2 (20) | 12 (75)/3 (25) | 3 (19)/0 (0) | 1 (6)/0 (0) | 4 (25)/0 (0) | 15 (94)/3 (20) | 19 |
| Total (163) | 36 (22.1)/25 (69)d | 92 (56.4)/42 (46)d | 128 (78.5)/67 (52) | 23 (14.1)/7 (30)d | 12 (7.4)/0 (0)d | 35 (21.5)/7 (20) | 151 (92.6)/74 (49) | 45 |
Strong, OD570 of >2 (median, 2.57; IQR, 2.25 to 2.81); medium, OD570 of 1 to 2 (median, 1.47; IQR, 1.27 to 1.64); weak, OD570 of greater than 0.5 but less than 1 (median, 0.82; IQR, 0.76 to 0.88); non-biofilm former, OD570 of ≤0.5 (median, 0.33; IQR, 0.25 to 0.41).
Median ODs were 1.74 (IQR, 1.32 to 2.35) for endocarditis isolates, 1.39 (IQR, 1.01 to 1.55) for isolates from urine, 1.18 (IQR, 0.64 to 1.64) for other clinical isolates, 0.99 (IQR, 0.68 to 1.57) for hospital fecal isolates, and 1.40 (IQR, 1.03 to 1.48) for community fecal isolates (P, ≤ 0.005 for endocarditis isolates versus each of the other groups of isolates).
Other clinical isolates were derived from ascites fluid, blood, catheters, cerebrospinal fluid, cervix, endometrium, penis, placenta, trachea, and wounds.
P, < 0.001 for correlation between percentage of esp-positive isolates and strong, medium, weak, or no biofilm production (median ODs, 1.62 [IQR, 1.25 to 2.29] for esp-positive isolates and 1.37 [IQR, 0.85 to 1.71] for esp-negative isolates; P < 0.001).