Effect of a
nonzero quadratic Jahn–Teller effect on the
ground-state APES. (a) Linear JT effect, (b) linear and quadratic.
For clarity, only the lower surfaces are shown. Note: in generating
these surfaces SOC has not been incorporated, following the hierarchical
DFT treatment below. For 1, Qε is defined
as a B–Fe–N bend within the Cs plane of symmetry toward or away from one of the carbene atoms,
while Qθ is defined as an B–Fe–N bend
orthogonal to Qε.