Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of 675 participants from the MOBILIZE Boston Study.

	All (n=675)	Annual Mean Residential Black Carbon (µg/m3)
Characteristics		≤0.33 (n=223)	0.33–0.39 (n=223)	>0.39 (n=224)
Age, years, mean ± SDa	78.1 ± 5.4	78.3 ± 5.2	78.0 ± 5.6	78.0 ± 5.5
Male, %	37.3	37.2	35.9	38.8
White, %	79.0	96.4	78.9	61.1
Education, %
High school or less	32.9	21.1	39.5	38.8
College or vocational school	35.1	42.2	30.0	32.1
Graduate school	31.9	36.8	30.0	29.0
Household income ≤ $35,000, %	54.7	42.2	57.4	64.3
Body mass index, kg/m3, mean ± SD	27.3 ± 5.1	27.4 ± 4.9	26.9 ± 4.9	27.7 ± 5.5
Alcohol consumption, drinks/day, mean ± SD	0.9 ± 1.0	1.0 ± 0.8	0.9 ± 0.9	0.9 ± 1.2
Smoking History, %
Never	42.1	39.0	47.1	41.1
Past	53.0	56.5	47.5	54.0
Current	4.7	4.0	5.4	4.9
Hypertension, %	78.1	76.2	77.6	80.4
Diabetes mellitus, %	19.0	14.8	17.0	24.6
Hyperlipidemia, %	49.3	49.8	49.3	49.1
Leptin, ng/ml, mean ± SD	9.2 ± 11.0	7.9 ± 9.6	9.2 ± 11.5	10.6 ± 11.7
Annual black carbon, µg/m3, mean ± SD	0.37 ± 0.12	0.27 ± 0.04	0.36 ± 0.02	0.50 ± 0.12

^aSD=standard deviation