Table 3.
N-acetylaspartate measures (institutional units). Mean (SD).
| Control |
nsALC |
sALC |
Effect size (Cohen’s d) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | (n = 33) | (n = 25) | (n = 36) | CON versus nsALC |
CON versus sALC |
nsALC versus sALC |
| ACC | 29.85 (3.85) | 30.23 (3.25) | 29.89 (3.90) | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
| DLPFC | 33.39 (3.90) | 33.36 (3.74) | 31.05 (3.79)a,b | 0.01 | 0.62 | 0.61 |
| Insula | 32.23 (3.33) | 32.88 (3.53) | 30.57 (3.15)a,b | 0.19 | 0.49 | 0.68 |
| Vermis | 33.01 (5.97) | 35.77 (5.62) | 32.62 (5.92)b | 0.47 | 0.08 | 0.54 |
| SCR | 32.28 (3.04) | 31.37 (2.95) | 29.49 (3.22)a,b | 0.30 | 0.90 | 0.61 |
| Total BRS | 32.52 (3.88) | 32.72 (3.97) | 30.42 (3.95)a,b | 0.12 | 0.45 | 0.58 |
| Total frontal neocortex | 31.76 (3.91) | 31.40 (3.76) | 31.33 (3.64) | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.02 |
| Global neocortex | 30.57 (3.51) | 30.54 (3.61) | 30.46 (3.46) | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
a
sALC < CON, P ≤ 0.024;
b
sALC < nsALC, P ≤ 0.024.
ACC = anterior cingulate cortex; BRS = brain reward system; CON = Control; DLPFC = dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; nsALC = non-smoking alcohol-dependent participant; OFC = orbitofrontal cortex; sALC = smoking alcohol-dependent participant; SCR = superior corona radiata.