Table 1.

Definitions of ethogram behaviors.

Behavior	Definition
Bite, nip	To seize with the teeth or jaws to grip, or wound.
Chase	To rapidly follow a recipient that flees.
Grab, hold down	To take or seize by a sudden motion or grasp; to keep under restraint.
Grunt	Short, rapid vocalization(s) being performed by an animal in an alert posture.
Hit, swat	To strike a blow by hand or arm; to strike with a sharp slapping blow.
Lunge, charge	A sudden forward rush or reach toward a recipient.
Open-mouth threat	To open the eyes widely, raise the eyebrows, pull the ears back, and open the mouth; the mouth corners and lips are tensed forming a rounded opening.
Push, shove, lean on	To press against with force in order to drive or impel; to move by forcing away; to apply the pressure of a body upon another.
Shake (Cage/Platform)	To move quickly up and down, back and forth, while holding onto a cage wall or platform.
Stare	An intent fixed gaze directed at a recipient and accompanied by a tense, rigid posture of the upper body of the actor.
Yawn	To open the mouth widely, baring the teeth while tilting the head back.